JOHANN See also:

• JOHANN FRIEDRICH (1836— )

FRIEDRICH (1836— )  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German theologian, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Poxdorf in Upper See also:

• FRANCONIA (Ger. Franken)

Franconia on the 5th of May 1836, and was educated at See also:

• BAMBERG

Bamberg and at See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich, where in 1865 he was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor extraordinary of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology . In 1869 he went to the Vatican See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council as secretary to See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal See also:

• HOHENLOHE

Hohenlohe, and took an active See also:

• PART

part in opposing the See also:

• DOGMA (Gr. Sbypa, from b6aeiv, to seem; literally " that which seems, sc. good or true or useful " to any one)

dogma of papal See also:

• INFALLIBILITY (Fr. infaillibilite and infallibilite, the latter now obsolete, Med. Lat. infallibilitas, infallibilis, formed from faller, to make a mistake)

infallibility, notably by supplying the opposition bishops with See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical and theological material . He See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome before the council closed . " No German ecclesiastic of his See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age appears to have won for himself so unusual a repute as a theologian and to have held so important a position, as the trusted counsellor of the leading German cardinal at the Vatican Council . The path was fairly open before him to the highest See also:

• ADVANCEMENT

advancement in the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church of Rome, yet he deliberately sacrificed all such hopes and placed himself in the See also:

• VAN

van of a hard and doubtful struggle" ( The See also:

• GUARDIAN

Guardian, 1872, p . 1004) . See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

Sentence of See also:

• EXCOMMUNICATION (Lat. ex, out of, away from; communis, common)

excommunication was passed on See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

Friedrich in See also:

• APRIL

April 1871, but he refused to acknowledge it and was upheld by the Bavarian See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government . He continued to perform ecclesiastical functions and maintained his See also:

• ACADEMIC

academic position, becoming See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary professor in 1872 . In 1882 he was transferred to the philosophical See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty as professor of See also:

• HISTORY

history . By this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he had to some extent withdrawn from the advanced position which he at first occupied in organizing the Old See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic Church, for he was not in agreement with its abolition of enforced See also:

• CELIBACY (Lat. caelibatus, from caelebs, unmarried)

celibacy . Friedrich was a prolific writer; among his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• WORKS

works are: Johann See also:

• WESSEL, JOHAN 1 (c. 1420-1489)

Wessel (1862); See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Lehre See also:

• DES

des Johann IIus (1862); Kirchengeschichte Deutschlands (1867–1869); Tagebuch wahrend des Vatikan . Concils gefuhrt (1871); Zur Verteidigung meines Tagebuchs (1872); Beitrage zur Kirchengeschichte des 18ten Jahrh .

(1876); Geschichte des Vatikan . Konzils (1877—1886); Beitrage zur Gesch. des Jesuitenordens (1881) ; Das Papsttum (1892) ; I. v . Dellinger (1899—1901) .