ADOLF

FURTWANGLER (1853–1907)  , German archaeologist, was born at Freiburg im Breisgau, and was educated there, at Leipzig and at Munich, where he was a pupil of H . Brunn, whose comparative method in art-criticism he much developed . He took part in the excavations at Olympia in 1878, became an assistant in the Berlin Museum in 188o, and professor at Berlin (1884) and later at Munich . His latest excavation work was at Aegina . He was a prolific writer, with a prodigious knowledge and memory, and a most ingenious and confident critic; and his work not only dominated the field of archaeological criticism but also raised its standing both at home and abroad . Among his numerous publications the most important were a volume on the bronzes found at Olympia, vast works on ancient gems and Greek vases, and the invaluable Masterpieces of Greek Sculpture (English translation by Eugenie Strong) . He died at Athens on the loth of October 1907 .