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HANS CONON VON DER GABELENTZ (1807-1874)

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 379 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HANS

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CONON VON DER GABELENTZ (1807-1874)  , German linguist and ethnologist, born at
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Altenburg on the 13th of
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October 1807, was the only son of Hans Karl Leopold von der Gabelentz, chancellor and privy-councillor of the duchy of Altenburg . From 1821 to 1825 he attended the gymnasium of his native
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town, where he had Matthiae (the eminent Greek scholar) for teacher, and Hermann Brockhaus and
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Julius
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Lobe for schoolfellows . Here, in addition to ordinary school-
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work, he carried on the private study of Arabic and Chinese; and the latter language continued especially to engage his attention during his undergraduate course, from 1825 to 1828, at the
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universities of
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Leipzig and
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Gottingen . In 183o he entered the public service of the duchy of Altenburg, where he attained to the rank of privy-councillor in 1843 . Four years later he was chosen to fill the
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post of Landmarschall in the
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grand-duchy of
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Weimar, and in 1848 he attended the
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Frankfort parliament, and represented the Saxon duchies on the commission for drafting an imperial constitution for Germany . In November of the same
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year he became president of the Altenburg
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ministry, but he resigned office in the following August . From 1851 to 1868 he was president of the second chamber of the duchy of Altenburg; but in the latter year he withdrew entirely from public
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life, that he SiO2 TiO2 Ab202 FeO Fe203 MgO CaO Na20
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K20 H2O I . 49.63 1.75 16.18 12.03 1.92 5'38 9.33 1.89 0.81 0.55 II . 49 .90 .. 16.04 .. 7.81 1o•08 14.48 1.69 0'55 1'46 IV . . 46.24 29.85 2.12 1.30 2.41 16.24 P98 0.18 ..

might give undivided attention to his learned researches . He died on his

estate of Lemnitz, in Saxe-Weimar, on the 3rd of September 1874 . In the course of his life he is said to have learned no fewer than eighty
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languages,
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thirty of which he spoke with fluency and elegance . But he was less remarkable for his power of acquisition than for the higher talent which enabled him to turn his know-ledge to the genuine
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advancement of linguistic science . Immediately after quitting the university, he followed up his Chinese researches by a study of the Finno-Ugrian languages, which resulted in the publication of his Elements de la grammaire mandchoue in 1832 . In 1837 he became one of the promoters, and a joint-editor, of the Zeitschrift fiir die Kunde
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des Morgenlandes, and through this
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medium he gave to the
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world his Versuch einer mordwinischen Grammatik and other valuable contributions . His Grundzitge der syrjdnischen Grammatik appeared in 1841 . In conjunction with his old school friend, Julius Lobe, he brought out a
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complete edition, with
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translation, glossary and grammar, of Ulfilas's
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Gothic version of the Bible (1843–1846) ; and from 1847 he began to contribute to the Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft the fruits of his researches into the languages of the Swahilis, the
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Samoyedes, the Hazaras, the Aimaks, the Formosans and other widely-separated tribes . The Beitrdge zur Sprachenkunde (1852) contain Dyak, Dakota, and Kiriri grammars; to these were added in 1857 a Grammatik u . W orterbuch derKassiasprache, and in 186o a
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treatise in universal grammar (Uber das Passivism) . In 1864 he edited the Manchu
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translations of the Chinese Sse-shu, Shu-king and Shi-king, along with a
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dictionary; and in 1873 he completed the work which constitutes his most important contribution to
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philology, Die melanesischen Sprachen nach ihrem grammatischen Bau and ihrer Verwandschaft unter sich and mit den malaiisch-polynesischen Sprachen untersucht (186o-1873) . It treats of the language of the Fiji Islands, New Hebrides,
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Loyalty Islands, New
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Caledonia, &c., and shows their radical affinity with the Polynesian class .

He also contributed most of the linguistic articles in Pierer's Conversations-

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Lexicon .

End of Article: HANS CONON VON DER GABELENTZ (1807-1874)
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