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THOMAS GAGE (1721–1787)

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 386 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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THOMAS GAGE (1721–1787)  ,
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British general and governor of Massachusetts, second son of the first Viscount Gage, was born in 1721 . He entered the army in 1741 and saw service in Flanders and in the
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campaign of
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Culloden, becoming
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lieutenant-colonel in the 44th
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foot in March 1751 . In 1754 he served in
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America, and he took
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part in the following
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year in General Braddock's disastrous expedition . In 1758 he became colonel of a new regiment, and served in Amherst's operations against
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Montreal . He was made governor of Montreal, and promoted major-general in 1761, and in 1763 succeeded Amherst in the command of the British forces in America; in 1770 he was made a lieutenant-general . In 1774 he was appointed governor of Massachusetts, and in that capacity was entrusted with carrying into effect the Boston
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Port Act . The difficulties which surrounded him in the execution of his office at this time of the gravest unrest culminated in 1775, and the
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action of the 19th of
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April at Lexington initiated the
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American War of Independence . After the
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battle of Bunker Hill, Gage was superseded by General (
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Sir William) Howe, and returned to England . He became general in 1782, and died on the 2nd of April 1787 .

End of Article: THOMAS GAGE (1721–1787)
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