See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

JAMES See also:

• JAMES GAIRDNER (1828– )

GAIRDNER (1828– )  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English historian, son of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• GAIRDNER, JAMES (1828– )

Gairdner, M.D., was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh on the 22nd of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1828 . Educated in his native See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city, he entered the Public See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

Record See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

Office in See also:

• LONDON

London in 1846, becoming assistant keeper of the public records (1859–1893) . Gairdner's valuable and pains-taking contributions to English See also:

• HISTORY

history relate chiefly to the reigns of See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard III., See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VII. and Henry VIII . For the " Rolls See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series " he edited Letters and Papers illustrative of the Reigns of Richard III. and Henry VII . (London, 1861–1863), and Memorials of Henry VII . (London, 1858); and he succeeded J . S . See also:

• BREWER, JOHN SHERREN (1810-1879)

Brewer in editing the Letters and Papers, See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign and domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII . (London, 1862–1905) . He brought out the best edition of the Paston Letters (London, 1872–1875, and again 1896), for which he wrote a valuable introduction; and for the See also:

• CAMDEN
• CAMDEN, CHARLES PRATT, 1ST EARL (1714-1794)
• CAMDEN, JOHN JEFFREYS PRATT, 2ND EARL
• CAMDEN, WILLIAM (1551-1623)

Camden Society he edited the See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical collections of a See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

Citizen of London (London, 1876), and Three '5th-See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century See also:

• CHRONICLES, BOOKS OF

Chronicles (London, 1880) . His other See also:

• WORKS

works include excellent monographs on Richard III . (London, 1878, new and enlarged edition, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, 1898), and on Henry VII .

(London, 1889, and subsequently); The Houses of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster and See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York (London, 1874, and other See also:

• EDITIONS

editions); The English See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church in the r6th century (London, 1902); Lollardy and the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England (1908); and contributions to the See also:

• ENCYCLOPAEDIA

Encyclopaedia Britannica, the See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary of See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography, the Cambridge See also:

• MODERN

Modern History, and the English Historical See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review . Gairdner received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the university of Edinburgh in 1897, and was made a C.B. in 1900 .