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See also:GALL (a word See also:common to many See also:Teutonic See also:languages, cf. Dutch gal, and Ger. See also:Galle; the Indo-See also:European See also:root appears in Gr. xoXi,, and See also:Lat. fel; possibly connected with " yellow," with reference to the See also:colour of bile) , the secretion of the See also:liver known as " bile," the See also:term being also used of the See also:pear-shaped diverticulum of the bile-duct, which forms a See also:reservoir for the bile, more generally known as the " See also:gall-See also:bladder " (see LIVER) . From the extreme bitterness of the secretion, " gall," like the See also:Lat. fel, is used for anything extremely See also:bitter, whether actually or metaphorically . From the See also:idea that the gall-bladder was the dominating See also:organ of a bitter, See also:sharp temperament, " gall " was formerly used in See also:English for such a spirit, and also for one very ready to resent injuries . It thus survives in See also:American See also:slang, with the meaning " impudence " or " assurance." " Gall," meaning a sore or painful swelling, especially on a See also:horse, may be the same word, derived from an See also:early use of the word as meaning " See also:poison." On the other See also:hand, in Romanic See also:languages, the Fr. See also:galle, Sp. agalla, a See also:wind-gall or puffy distension of the synovial bursa on the fetlock See also:joint of a horse, is derived from the Lat. galla, See also:oak-See also:apple, from which comes the English " gall," meaning an excrescence on trees caused by certain See also:insects . |
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