GANGPUR  , a tributary

state of Orissa, Bengal, included until 1905 among the Chota Nagpur States . It is bounded N. by Ranchi district, E. by the Singhbhum district, S. by Sambalpur and Bamra, and W. by Raigarh in the Central Provinces . The country is for the most part an undulating plain, broken by detached ranges of hills, one of which, the Mahavira range, possesses a very remarkable appearance, springing abruptly from the plain in an irregular wall of tilted and disrupted rock, with two flanking peaks . The rivers are the Ib and the Brahmani, formed here by the union of the Sankh and the South Koel, both navigable by canoes . The Ib was formerly famous on account of diamonds found in its bed, and its sands are still washed for gold . One of the largest coalfields in India extends into the state, and iron ore is also found . Jungle products—lac, silk cocoons, catechu and resin, which are exported; wild animals—bisons, buffaloes, tigers, leopards, hyenas, wolves, jackals, wild dogs and many sorts of deer . Area, 2492 sq. m.; pop . (1901) 238,896; estimated revenue, £16,000 .