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GARBLE (a word derived from the Arab. gharbala, to sift, and related to ghirbal, a See also: medieval commercial See also: term in the Mediterranean ports, meaning to sort out, or to sift merchandize, such as corn, spices, &c., in See also: order to See also: separate what was See also: good from the refuse or waste; hence to select the best of anything for retention
.
Similarly a " garbler " was an official who was appointed to sort out, or test the See also: work of those who had already sorted, the spices or drugs offered for sale in the See also: London markets
.
In this See also: original sense the word is now obsolete, but by inversion, or rather perversion, " garble " now means to sort out or select, chiefly from books or other See also: literary See also: works, or from public speeches, some portion which twists, mutilates, or renders ineffective the meaning of the author or See also: speaker
.
GARCcAO, PEDRO ANTONIO JOAQUIM CORR)@A (1724– followed in 1823 by his Il Fazzoletto
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In 1824 he went to London, 1772), Portuguese lyric poet, was the son of Philippe See also: Correa da
Serra, a fidalgo of the royal See also: house who held an important See also: post in the See also: foreign office; his See also: mother was of French descent
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The poet's See also: health was frail, and after going through a Jesuit school in See also: Lisbon and learning See also: English, French and See also: Italian at home, he proceeded in 1742 to the university of See also: Coimbra with a view to a legal career
.
He took his degree in 1748, and two years later was created a knight of the Order of Christ
.
In 1751 his See also: marriage with D
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Maria Salema brought him a See also: rich dower which enabled him to live in ease and cultivate letters; but in later years a See also: law-suit reduced him to poverty
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From 176o to 1762 he edited the Lisbon See also: Gazette
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In 1756, in conjunction with Cruz e See also: Silva and others, Garcao founded the See also: Arcadia Lusitana to reform the prevailing See also: bad taste in literature, identified with Seicentismo, which delighted in conceits, windy words and rhetorical phrases
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The Arcadia fulfilled its See also: mission to some extent, but it lacked creative power, became dogmatic, and ultimately died of inanition
.
Garcao was the chief contributor to its proceedings, bearing the name of "See also: Corydon Erimantheo," and his orations and See also: dissertations, with many of his lyrics, were pronounced and read at its meetings
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He lived much in the society of the English residents in Lisbon, and he is supposed to have conceived a passion for an English married lady which completely absorbed him and contributed to his ruin
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In the midst of his literary activity and growing fame, he was arrested on the See also: night of the 9th of See also: April 1771, and committed to prison by Pombal, whose displeasure he had incurred by his independence of character
.
The immediate cause of his incarceration would appear to have been his connexion with a love intrigue between a See also: young friend of his and the daughter of a Colonel Elsden, but he was never brought to trial, and the See also: matter must remain in doubt
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After much solicitation, his wife obtained from the See also: king an order for her
See also: husband's See also: release on the loth of See also: November 1772, but it came too See also: late, Broken by infirmities and the hardships of prison See also: life, Gargao expired that very See also: day in the Limoeiro, at the age of See also: forty-seven
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_Taking Horace as his See also: model, and aided by See also: sound See also: judgment, scholarship and wide See also: reading, Garcao set out to raise and purify the See also: standard of poetical taste, and his verses are characterized by a classical simplicity of See also: form and expression
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His sonnets ad sodales show a charming See also: personality; his vigorous and elegant odes and epistles are sententious in See also: tone and reveal an inspired poet and a See also: man chastened by suffering
.
His two comedies in hendecasyllables, the Theatro Novo (played in See also: January 1766) and the Assemblea, are excellent satires on the social life of the capital; and in the Cantata de See also: Dido, included in the latter piece, the spirit of See also: Greek See also: art is allied to perfection of form, making this composition perhaps the See also: gem of Portuguese 18th century See also: poetry
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Garcao wrote little and spent much See also: time on the labor limae
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His works were published posthumously in 1778, and the most See also: complete and accessible edition is that of J
.
A. de Azevedo Castro (See also: Rome, 1888)
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An English version of the Cantata de Dido appeared in the See also: Academy (January 19th, 1895)
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See Innocencio da Silva, Diccionario bibliographico Portuguez, vol. vi. pp . 386-393, and vol. xvii. pp . 182-184; also Dr Theophilo See also: Braga, A Arcadia Lusitana (See also: Oporto, 1899)
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