See also:

• THEOPHILE

THEOPHILE See also:

• GAUTIER
• GAUTIER, EMILE THEODORE LEON (1832-1897)
• THEOPHILE GAUTIER (1811-1872)

GAUTIER (1811-1872)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French poet and See also:

• MISCELLANEOUS

miscellaneous writer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• TARBES

Tarbes on the 31st of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1811 . He was educated at the See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school of that See also:

• TOWN

town, and afterwards at the See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College See also:

• CHARLEMAGNE [CHARLES THE GREAT] (c. 742-814)
• CHARLEMAGNE, JEAN ARMAND (1753–1838)

Charlemagne in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, but was almost as much in the studios . He very See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early devoted himself to the study of the older French literature, especially that of the 16th and the early See also:

• PART

part of the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . This study qualified him well to take part in the Romantic See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement, and enabled him to astonish Sainte-Beuve by the phraseology and See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style of some See also:

• LITERARY

literary essays which, when barely eighteen years old, he put into the critic's hands . In consequence of this introduction he at once came under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the See also:

• GREAT

great Romantic cenacle, to which, as to See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor See also:

• HUGO, GUSTAV VON (1764–1844)
• HUGO, VICTOR MARIE (1802-1885)

Hugo in particular, he was also introduced by his gifted but See also:

• ILL

ill-starred schoolmate See also:

• GERARD (c. 1040-1120)
• GERARD (d. I1o8)
• GERARD, ETIENNE MAURICE, COUNT (1773–1852)
• GERARD, FRANCOIS, BARON (1770-1837)
• GERARD, JEAN IGNACE ISIDORE (1803-1847)
• GERARD, JOHN (1545-1612)
• GERARD, or GIRARD, AUDRAN

Gerard de See also:

• NERVAL, GERARD

Nerval . With Gerard, Petrus See also:

• BOREL, PETRUS

Borel, See also:

• COROT

Corot, and many other less known painters and poets whose personalities he has delightfully sketched in the articles collected under the titles of Histoire du Romantisme, &c., he formed a See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor romantic clique who were distinguished for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time by the most extravagant eccentricity . A flaming See also:

• CRIMSON

crimson waistcoat and a great See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass of waving See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair were the outward signs which qualified See also:

• GAUTIER
• GAUTIER, EMILE THEODORE LEON (1832-1897)
• GAUTIER, THEOPHILE (1811-1872)

Gautier for a See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank among the enthusiastic devotees who attended the rehearsals of Hernani with red tickets marked " See also:

• HIERRO, or FERRO

Hierro," performed mocking dances See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round fIe bust of See also:

• RACINE
• RACINE, JEAN (1639-1699)
• RACINE, LOUIS (1692-1763)

Racine, and were at all times ready to See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange word or See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow with the perruques and grisdtres of the classical party . In Gautier's See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case these freaks were not inconsistent with real See also:

• GENIUS (from Lat. genere, gignere)

genius and real devotion to See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound ideals of literature . He began (like See also:

• THACKERAY, WILLIAM MAKEPEACE (1811-1863)

Thackeray, to whom he presents in other ways some striking points of resemblance) as an artist, but soon found that his true See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers See also:

• LAY

lay in another direction . His first considerable poem, Albertus (183o), displayed a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• DEAL

deal of the extravagant See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character which accompanied rather than marked the movement, but also gave See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence of uncommon command both of See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and imagery, and in particular of a descriptive See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power hardly to be excelled . The promise thus given was more than fulfilled in his subsequent See also:

• POETRY

poetry, which, in consequence of its small bulk, may well be noticed at once and by anticipation . The Comedic de la mort, which appeared soon after (1832), is one of the most remarkable of French poems, and `though never widely read has received the See also:

• SUFFRAGE (Lat. suffragium)

suffrage of every competent reader .

Minor poems of various See also:

• DATES

dates, published in 184o, display an almost unequalled command over poetical See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, an advance even over Albertus in vigour, See also:

• WEALTH

wealth and appropriateness of diction, and abundance of the See also:

• SPECIAL

special poetical essence . All these good gifts reached their See also:

• CLIMAX, JOHN (c. 525–600 A.D.)

climax in the Emaux et camees, first published in 1856, and again, with additions, just before the poet's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1872 . These poems are in their own way such as in favour of " philosophic " treatment, comment upon him has sometimes been unfavourable . But this injustice will, beyond all question, be redressed again . He was neither immoral, irreligious nor unduly subservient to despotism, but morals, See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion and politics (to which we may add See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science and material progress) were matters of no See also:

• INTEREST

interest to him . He was to all intents a humanist, as the word was understood in the 15th century . But he was a humorist as well, and this See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination, joined to his singularly kindly and genial nature, saved him from some dangers and depravations as well as some absurdities to which the humanist See also:

• TEMPER (from Lat. temperare, to mingle or compound in due proportion, to qualify, rule, regulate, to be moderate, formed from tempos, time, fit or due season)

temper is exposed . As time goes on it may be predicted that, though Gautier may not be widely read, yet his writings will never cease to be full of indescribable See also:

• CHARM (through the Fr. from the Lat. carmen, a song)

charm and of very definite instruction to men of letters . Besides those of his See also:

• WORKS

works which have been already cited, we may See also:

• NOTICE

notice Une Larme du diable (1839), a charming mixture of See also:

• HUMOUR (Latin humor)

humour and tenderness; See also:

• LES

Les Grotesques (1844), a See also:

• VOLUME

volume of early criticisms on some oddities of 17th-century literature; Caprices et zigzags (1845), miscellanies dealing in part with See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• LIFE

life; Voyage en Espagne (1845), See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople (1854), Voyage en Russie (1866), brilliant volumes of travel; See also:

• MENAGERIE

Menagerie intime (1869) and Tableaux de See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege (1872), his two latest works, which display his incomparable style in its quietest but not least happy form . There is no See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition of Gautier's works, and the vicomte Spoelberch de Lovenjoul's Histoire See also:

• DES

des oeuvres de See also:

• THEOPHILE

Theophile Gautier (1887) shows how formidable such an undertaking would be . But since his death numerous further collections of articles have been made: Fusains et eaux-fortes and Tableaux a la plume (188o); L'Orient (2 vols., 1881); Les Vacances du lundi (new ed., 1888); La Nature chez elle (new ed., 1891) . In 1879 his son-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, E .

Bergerat, who had married his younger daughter Estelle (the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder, Mme See also:

• JUDITH, THE BOOK OF

Judith Gautier—herself a writer of distinction—was at one time Mme Catulle Mendes), issued a See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography, Theophile Gautier, which has been of ten reprinted . With it should be compared Maxime du See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

Camp's volume in the Grands Ecrivains See also:

• FRANCAIS, ANTOINE, COUNT (1756-1836)

francais (189o) and the numerous references in the See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal des See also:

• GONCOURT, DE

Goncourt . See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

Critical eulogies, from Sainte-Beuve (repeatedly in the Causeries) and See also:

• BAUDELAIRE, CHARLES PIERRE (1821-1867)

Baudelaire (two articles in L'See also:

• ART

Art romantique) downwards, are numerous . The chief of the decriers is Emile See also:

• FAGUET, EMILE (1847- )

Faguet in his Etudes litteraires sur le XIX' siecle . In 1902 and 1903 there appeared two respectable See also:

• ACADEMIC

academic doges by H . Menal and H . Potez . (G .