See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

GEOGRAPHY (Gr. See also:

• YIL

yil, See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth, and ypiickty, to write)  , the exact and organized knowledge of the See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution of phenomena on the See also:

• SURFACE

surface of the See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth . The fundamental basis of See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

geography is the See also:

• VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

• RELIEF

relief of the earth's crust, which controls all See also:

• MOBILE

mobile distributions . The grander features of the relief of the See also:

• LITHOSPHERE (Gr. XLOoc , a stone, and Q4aepa, a sphere)

lithosphere or stony crust of the earth See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control the distribution of the See also:

• HYDROSPHERE (Gr. i55wp, water, and O4aipa, sphere)

hydrosphere or collected See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters which gather into the hollows, filling them up to a height corresponding to the See also:

• VOLUME

volume, and thus producing the important See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the surface into See also:

• LAND

land and See also:

• WATER

water . The distribution of the See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass of the See also:

• ATMOSPHERE (Gr. fir µ6r, vapour; orkaipa, a sphere)

atmosphere over the surface of the earth is also controlled by the relief of the crust, its greater or lesser See also:

• DENSITY (Lat. densus, thick)

density at the surface corresponding to the lesser or greater See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation of the surface . The simplicity of the zonal distribution of See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

solar See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy on the earth's surface, which would characterize a See also:

• UNIFORM

uniform globe, is entirely destroyed by the dissimilar See also:

• ACTION

action of land and water with regard to radiant See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat, and by the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of crust-forms on the direction of the resulting circulation . The influence of See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical environment becomes clearer and stronger when the distribution of plant and See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal See also:

• LIFE

life is considered, and if it is less distinct in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man, the See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason is found in the modifications of environment consciously produced by human effort . Geography is a synthetic See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, dependent for the data with which it deals on the results` of specialized sciences such as See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy, See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

geology, oceanography, See also:

• METEOROLOGY (Gr. JerEwpa, and hb'yos, i.e. the science of things in the air)

meteorology, See also:

• BIOLOGY (Gr. Qios, life)

biology and See also:

• ANTHROPOLOGY (Gr. avOpw1ror man, and Xoyos, theory or science)

anthropology, as well as on topographical description . The physical and natural sciences are concerned in geography only so far as they See also:

• DEAL

deal with the forms of the earth's surface, or as regards the distribution of phenomena . The distinctive task of geography as a science is to investigate the control exercised by the crust-forms directly or indirectly upon the various mobile distributions . This gives to it unity and definiteness, and renders superfluous the attempts that have been made from See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to time to define the limits which See also:

• DIVIDE

divide geography from geology on the one See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand and from See also:

• HISTORY

history on the other . It is essential to classify the subject-See also:

• MATTER

matter of geography in such a manner as to give prominence not only to facts, but to their mutual relations and their natural and inevitable See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order .