GEORGES DE See also:

• SCUDERY

SCUDERY (16or-1667)  , the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder of the pair, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• HAVRE
• HAVRE, LE

Havre, whither his See also:

• FATHER

father had moved from See also:

• PROVENCE (Provincia, Proenza)

Provence, on the 22nd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1601 . He served in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, and, though in the vein of gasconading which was almost See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar to him he no doubt exaggerated his services, there seems little doubt that he was a stout soldier . But he conceived a See also:

• FANCY (a shortened form, dating from the 15th century, of " fantasy," which is derived through the O. Fr. fantasie, modern fantaisie. from the Latinized form of the Gr. cbavraoia, Oavrai'ecv, Oat Pais, to show)

fancy for literature before he was See also:

• THIRTY

thirty, and during the whole of the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century he was one of the most characteristic figures of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . He gained the favour of See also:

• RICHELIEU, ARMAND EMMANUEL SOPHIE SEPTEMANIE DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, ARMAND JEAN DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, LOUIS FRANCOIS ARMAND DU PLESSIS

Richelieu by his opposition to See also:

• CORNEILLE, PIERRE (1606–1684)
• CORNEILLE, THOMAS (1625-1709)

Corneille . He wrote a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter to the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy criticizing the See also:

• CID, THE

Cid, and his See also:

• PLAY

play, L'Amour tyrannique (164o), was patronized by the See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal in opposition to Corneille . Possibly these circumstances had something to do with his See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment as See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of the fortress of Notre-See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame de la Garde, near See also:

• MARSEILLES

Marseilles in 1643, and in 165o he was elected to the Academy . During the troubles of the See also:

• FRONDE, THE

Fronde he was exiled to See also:

• NORMANDY

Normandy, where he made his See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune by a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage . He was an industrious dramatist, but L'Amour tyrannique is practically the only piece among his numerous tragi-comedies and pastorals that has escaped oblivion . His other most famous See also:

• WORK

work was the epic of See also:

• ALARIC (Ala-reiks, " All-ruler "), (c. 370-410)

Alaric (1655) . He See also:

• LENT (0. Eng. lenclen, " spring," M. Eng. lenten, lente, lent; cf. Dut. lente, Ger. Lenz, " spring," 0. H. Ger. lenzin, lengizin, lenzo, probably from the same root as " long " and referring to " the lengthening days ")

lent his name to his See also:

• SISTER

sister's first romances, but did little beyond correcting the proofs . He died at Paris on the 14th of May 1667 . See also:

• SCUDERY

Scudery's swashbuckler affectations have been rather exaggerated by See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• GOSSIP (from the O.E. godsibb, i.e. God, and sib, akin, standing in relation to)

gossip and tradition .

Although possibly not quite sane, he had some poetical See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, a fervent love of literature, a high sense of See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour and of friendship . His sister MADELEINE (1607-1701), born also at Havre on the 15th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1607, was a writer of much more ability and of a much better regulated See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . She was very See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain and had no fortune, but her abilities were See also:

• GREAT

great and she was very well educated . Establishing herself at Paris with her See also:

• BROTHER

brother, she was at once admitted to the See also:

• RAMBOUILLET
• RAMBOUILLET, CATHERINE DE VIVONNE, MARQUISE DE (1588-1665)

Rambouillet coterie, afterwards established a See also:

• SALON

salon of her own under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of the Societe du samedi, and for the last See also:

• HALF

half of the 17th century, under the See also:

• PSEUDONYM (Gr. >l ev&,vuµos, having a false name, ¢Evirls, false and ovoµa, name)

pseudonym of " Sapho " or her own name, was acknowledged as the first See also:

• BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

blue-See also:

• STOCKING (a diminutive of " stock," post, stump, properly that which is stuck or fixed)

stocking of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and of the See also:

• WORLD

world . She formed with See also:

• PELLISSON, PAUL (1624—1693)

Pellisson a See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close friendship only terminated by his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1693 . Her lengthy novels, such as ArtamPne, ou le See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• CYRUS
• CYRUS (Gr. KDpos; Pers. Kuru-sh; Babyl. Kurash; Hebr. Koresh)

Cyrus (xo vols . 1648–1653), Clelie (xo vols . 1654-1661), See also:

• IBRAHIM

Ibrahim, ou l'illustre See also:

• BASSA

Bassa (4 vols . 1641), Almahide, ou l'esclave reine (8 vols . 1661–1663) were the delight of all See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, including persons of the wit and sense of Madame de See also:

• SEVIGNE, MARIE DE

Sevigne . But neither in conception nor in See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution will they See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism as wholes . With classical or See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental personages for nominal heroes and heroines, the whole See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and See also:

• ACTION

action are taken from the fashionable ideas of the time, and the personages can be identified either really or colourably with Mademoiselle de Scudery's contemporaries .

In Clelie, Herminius represents See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul Pellisson; See also:

• SCAURUS, MARCUS AEMILIUS (c. 163-88 B.C.)
• SCAURUS, QUINTUS TERENTIUS

Scaurus and Lyriane were Paul See also:

• SCARRON, PAUL (1610-166o)

Scarron and his wife (afterwards Mme de See also:

• MAINTENON

Maintenon); and in the description of Sapho in vol. x. of Le Grand Cyrus the author paints herself . It is in Clelie that the famous See also:

• CARTE, THOMAS (1686-1754)

Carte de Tendre appeared, a description of an See also:

• ARCADIA

Arcadia, where the See also:

• RIVER

river of Inclination See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters the villages of See also:

• BILLET

Billet Doux, Petits Soins and so forth . The interminable length of the stories is made out by endless conversations and, as far as incidents go, chiefly by successive abductions of the heroines, conceived and related in the most decorous spirit, for Mademoiselle de Scudery is nothing if not decorous . Nevertheless, although the books can hardly now be read through, it is still possible to perceive their attraction for a See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period which certainly did not lack wit . In that See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day of the novel prolixity did not repel . " Sapho " had really studied mankind in her contemporaries and knew how to analyse and describe their characters with fidelity and point . Moreover her novels had the See also:

• INTEREST

interest always attaching to the See also:

• ROMAN

roman d clef . She was a real See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress of conversation, a thing quite new to the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age as far as literature was concerned, and proportionately welcome . She had a distinct vocation as a See also:

• PEDAGOGUE

pedagogue, and is compared by Sainte-Beuve to Mme de Geniis . She could moralize-a favourite employment of the time—with sense and propriety . Though she was incapable of the exquisite See also:

• PROSE

prose of Mme de Sevigne and some other of her contemporaries, her purely literary merits were considerable . Madeleine survived her brother more than thirty years, and in her later days published numerous volumes of conversations, to a great extent extracted from her novels, thus forming a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• ANTHOLOGY

anthology of her work .

She outlived her See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue to some extent, but retained a circle of See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends to whom she was always the " incomparable Sapho." She died in Paris on the 2nd of See also:

• JUNE

June 1701 . Her See also:

• LIFE

Life and See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

Correspondence were published at Paris by MM . Rathery and Boutron in 1873 . An amusing See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch of her is to be found in vol. iv. of Sainte-Beuve's Causeries du lundi . Georges de Scudery is sketched by See also:

• THEOPHILE

Theophile See also:

• GAUTIER
• GAUTIER, EMILE THEODORE LEON (1832-1897)
• GAUTIER, THEOPHILE (1811-1872)

Gautier in his Grotesques . See also V . See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

Cousin, La Societe francaise au X VII' siecle, vol. ii .