See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

GERMAN NEW  See also:

• GUINEA

GUINEA The See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• PROTECTORATE

protectorate of New Guinea, so called after the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island which contributes the greatest See also:

• AREA

area, comprehends, besides Kaiser Wilhelms See also:

• LAND

Land, the islands which are now commonly called the See also:

• BISMARCK
• BISMARCK, OTTO EDUARD LEOPOLD VON, PRINCE

Bismarck See also:

• ARCHIPELAGO

Archipelago—viz . New See also:

• POMERANIA (German, Pommern)

Pomerania, New See also:

• MECKLENBURG

Mecklenburg, with New See also:

• HANOVER
• HANOVER (Ger. Hannover)

Hanover and the See also:

• ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

Admiralty Islands and the See also:

• SOLOMON, ODES OF
• SOLOMON, PSALMS OF

Solomon Islands (See also:

• BOUGAINVILLE, LOUIS ANTOINE DE (1729-1811)

Bougainville and Buka) . There are besides nearly 200 smaller islands and islets scattered among their greater neighbours . In 1884 New Guinea was absolutely See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild, not a single See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man living on what is now the German See also:

• PART

part . On the islands New Pomerania and Mioko only two trading firms had their establishments; and on New See also:

• LAUENBURG

Lauenburg the Wesleyans had a See also:

• MISSION

mission station . After the See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation commercial enterprise set in at once, See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand in hand with See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration . Now on the mainland and in the islands plantations have been established and See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco and See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton have been successfully grown . Three German mission See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies formed settlements on New Guinea, with a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch one on the Gazelle See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula . The protectorate is included in the Universal Postal See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union; each See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour has its See also:

• POST

post See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, also a leading See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official with a number of assistants to See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control the natives and the See also:

• REVENUE
• REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return)

revenue . It is divided into two districts with See also:

• SEPARATE

separate administrations, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago; over both presides an imperial See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor, the seat of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government being HerbertshShe in New Pomerania . A small See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police force of natives has been formed . In each See also:

• DISTRICT

district there is a registry of deeds and a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, and in New Guinea a court of See also:

• APPEAL

appeal, of which the governor is See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president .

A See also:

• LINE

line of steamers plies between New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and See also:

• SINGAPORE (Malay, Singapiira, i.e. " The City of the Lion")

Singapore . A See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• SILVER

silver See also:

• COIN
• COIN (older forms of the word are coyne, quoin and coign, all derived through the O. Fr. coing, and cuigne from Lat. cuneus, a wedge)

coin of See also:

• RUPEE (Hindustani rupiya, from Sanskrit rupya)

rupee value has been introduced . The area of Kaiser Wilhelms Land is approximately 70,000 sq. m . It is impossible to speak with any precision of the number of the native See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population, but the white population in 1906 was 149 . The revenue of German New Guinea is derived from taxes, dues and licences, and amounted on the 31st of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1892 to about £3000; on the same See also:

• RATE

rate, 1901, to £3750 . The See also:

• ANNUAL

annual revenue is averaged at £5000, and the See also:

• EXPENDITURE

expenditure at £4200 . The New Guinea See also:

• COMPANY

Company was to receive £20,000 for transferring proprietorship to government, which took over the administration in 1899 . In 1903 imports into Kaiser Wilhelms Land were valued at £33,316,and exports at £7702, and the estimated expenditure for 1907–190g of £76,00o included an imperial subvention of £57,696 . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief harbours are See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

Friedrich Wilhelmshafen and Konstantinhafen . See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

Order is maintained by an armed constabulary force, under a See also:

• EUROPEAN

European officer, of about 180, almost all natives from different districts, whose members are found to be very efficient and trustworthy . The expenditure is about £38,000 annually, and the revenue, mainly derived from customs duties, is rapidly increasing .