See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

MANUEL DE RIOS See also:

• SANCHEZ

SANCHEZ Y ZARZOSA See also:

• ALVAREZ, DON JOSE (1768-1827)
• ALVAREZ, DON MANUEL (1727-1797)
• ALVAREZ, FRANCISCO (c. 1465-1541?)

ALVAREZ DE FARIA See also:

• MANUEL DE RIOS SANCHEZ Y ZARZOSA ALVAREZ DE FARIA GODOY (1767-1851)

GODOY (1767-1851)  , See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of El Alcudia and See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

Peace, See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish royal favourite and See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• BADAJOZ
• BADAJOZ (formerly sometimes written Badajos)

Badajoz on the 12th of May 1767 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• DON
• DON (anc. Tanais)

Don Jose de See also:

• GODOY, ALVAREZ DE FARIA, RIOS SANCHEZ Y ZARZOSA, MANUEL DE (1767-1851)

Godoy, was the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a very See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient but impoverished See also:

• FAMILY

family of nobles in See also:

• ESTREMADURA, or EXTREMADURA

Estremadura . His See also:

• MOTHER

mother, whose See also:

• MAIDEN, or MAID

maiden name was Maria Antonia See also:

• ALVAREZ, DON JOSE (1768-1827)
• ALVAREZ, DON MANUEL (1727-1797)
• ALVAREZ, FRANCISCO (c. 1465-1541?)

Alvarez de Faria, belonged to a Portuguese See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble family . See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

Manuel boasts in his See also:

• MEMOIRS

memoirs that he had the best masters, but it is certain that he received only the very slight See also:

• EDUCATION

education usually given at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to the sons of provincial nobles . In 1784 he entered the Guardia de See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

Corps, a See also:

• BODY

body of gentlemen who acted as the immediate body-guard of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king . His well-built and stalwart See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person, his handsome foolish See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face, together with a certain geniality of See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character which he must have possessed, earned him the favour of Maria Luisa of See also:

• PARMA

Parma, the princess of See also:

• ASTURIAS

Asturias, a coarse, passionate woman who was much negleet,ed by her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband, who on his See also:

• PART

part cared for nothing but See also:

• HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

hunting . When King See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles III. died in 1788, Godoy's See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune was soon made . The princess of Asturias, now See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen, understood how to See also:

• MANAGE

manage her husband Charles IV . Godoy says in hismemoirs that the king, who had been carefully kept apart from affairs during his father's See also:

• LIFE

life, and who disliked his father's favourite minister See also:

• FLORIDABLANCA, DON JOSE MORINO Y REDONDO, COUNT OF (1728-1808)

Floridablanca, wished to have a creature of his own . This statement is no doubt true as far as it goes . But it requires to be completed by the further detail that the queen put her See also:

• LOVER, SAMUEL (1797-1868)

lover in her husband's way, and that the king was guided by them, when he thought he was ruling for himself through a subservient minister . In some respects King Charles was obstinate, and Godoy is probably right in saying that he never was an See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute "See also:

• VICEROY (from O. Fr. viceroy, mod. viceroi, i.e. Lat. vice, in place of, and roy or roi, king)

viceroy," and that he could not always secure the removal of colleagues whom he knew to be his enemies .

He could only See also:

• RULE

rule by obeying . Godoy adopted without See also:

• SCRUPLE

scruple this method of pushing his fortunes . When the king was set on a particular course, he followed it; the See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution was See also:

• LEFT

left to him and the queen . His pliability endeared him to his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master, whose lasting See also:

• AFFECTION (Lat. ad, and facere, to do something to, sc. a person)

affection he earned . In practice he commonly succeeded in inspiring the wishes which he then proceeded to gratify . From the very beginning of the new reign he was promoted in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army with scandalous rapidity, made duke of El Alcudia, and in 1792 minister under the premiership of See also:

• ARANDA, PEDRO PABLO ABARCA DE BOLEA, COUNT

Aranda, whom he succeeded in displacing by the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the See also:

• YEAR

year . His See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official life is fairly divided by himself into three periods . From 1792 to 1798 he was premier . In the latter year his unpopularity and the intrigues of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, which had taken a dislike to him, led to his temporary retirement, without, however, any diminution of the king's See also:

• PERSONAL

personal favour . He asserts that he had no wish to return to See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, but letters sent by him to the queen show that he begged for employment . They are written in a very unpleasant mixture of gush and vulgar familiarity . In 18o1 he returned to office, and until 1807 he was the executant of the disastrous policy of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court .

The third See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of his public life is the last year, 1807-1808, when he was desperately striving for his See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place between the aggressive intervention of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon on the one See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, and the growing hatred of the nation, organized behind, and about, the prince of Asturias, See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand . On the 17th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 18o8 a popular outbreak at See also:

• ARANJUEZ (perhaps the ancient Ara Jovis)

Aranjuez drove him into hiding . When driven out by See also:

• HUNGER

hunger and thirst he was recognized and arrested . By Ferdinand's See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order he was kept in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, till Napoleon demanded that he should be sent to See also:

• BAYONNE

Bayonne . Here he rejoined his master and See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress . He remained with them till Charles IV. died at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome in 181g, having survived his queen . The See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of Godoy's life was spent in poverty and obscurity . After the See also:

• DEATH

death of Ferdinand VII., in 1833, he returned to See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, and endeavoured to secure the restoration of his See also:

• PROPERTY

property confiscated in 18o8 . Part of it was the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of the See also:

• SOTO, FERDINANDO [FERNANDO, Or HERNANDO] DE (1496?—1542)

Soto de See also:

• ROMA

Roma, granted by the See also:

• CORTES
• CORTES, HERNAN

cortes to the duke of See also:

• WELLINGTON
• WELLINGTON, ARTHUR WELLESLEY, 1ST DUKE OF (1769-1852)

Wellington . He failed, and during his last years lived on a small See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension granted him by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis Philippe . He died in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 4th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1851 . As a favourite Godoy is remarkable for the length of his hold on the affection of his sovereigns, and for its completeness .

Latterly he was supported rather by the husband than by the wife . He got rid of Aranda by adopting, in order to please the king, a policy which tended to bring on See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war with See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . When the war proved disastrous, he made the peace of See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel, and was created prince of the Peace for his services . Then he helped to make war with See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and the disasters which followed only made him dearer to the king . Indeed it became a See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main See also:

• OBJECT

object with Charles IV. to protect " Manuelito " from popular hatred, and if possible secure him a principality . The queen endured his infidelities to her, which were flagrant . The king arranged a See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage for him with Dona Teresa de See also:

• BOURBON
• BOURBON, CHARLES, DUKE OF (149o-1527)

Bourbon, daughter of the See also:

• INFANTE (Spanish and Portuguese form of Lat. infans, young child)

infante Don Luis by a morganatic marriage, though he was probably already married to Dona Josefa Tud6, and certainly continued to live with her . Godoy, in his memoirs, See also:

• LAYS

lays claim to have done much for Spanish See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

agriculture and See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry, but he did little more than issue proclamations and appoint See also:

• OFFICERS

officers . His intentions may have been See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good, but the policy of his government was financially ruinous . In his private life he was not only profligate and profuse, but childishly ostentatious . The best that can be said for him is that he was good-natured, and did his best to restrain the See also:

• INQUISITION, THE (Lat. inquisitio, an inquiry)

Inquisition and the purely reactionary parties .