GOLDFIELD  , a See also:

• TOWN

town and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of Esmeralda county, See also:

• NEVADA
• NEVADA (a Spanish word meaning " snow-clad " or " snowy land," originally applied to a snow-capped mountain range on the Pacific slope)

Nevada, U.S.A., about 170 M . S.E. of See also:

• CARSON, CHRISTOPHER [" KIT "] (1809-1868)

Carson See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

City . Pop . (19f o, U . S. See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census) 4838 . It is served by the Tonopah & Goldfield, See also:

• LAS

Las Vegas & Tonopah, and Tonopah et Tidewaterrailways . The town lies in the midst of a See also:

• DESERT

desert abounding in high-grade See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold ores, and is essentially a See also:

• MINING

mining See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp . The See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery of gold at Tonopah, about 28 M . N. of Goldfield, in 1900 was followed by its discovery at Goldfield in 1902 and 1903; in 1904 the Goldfield See also:

• DISTRICT

district produced about 800 tons of ore, which yielded $2,300,000 See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth of gold, or 30% of that of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . This remarkable See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production caused Goldfield to grow rapidly, and it soon became the largest town in the state . In addition to the mines, there are large reduction See also:

• WORKS

works . In 1907 Goldfield became the county-seat .

The gold output in 1907 was $8,408,396; in 1908, $4,880,251 . Soon after mining on an extensive See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale began, the miners organized themselves as a See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the Western Federation of Miners, and in this branch were included many labourers in Goldfield other than miners . Between this branch and the mine-owners there arose a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of more or less serious See also:

• DIFFERENCES, CALCULUS OF (Theory of Finite Differences)

differences, and there were several set strikes —in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1906 and See also:

• JANUARY

January 1907, for higher See also:

• WAGES (the plural of " wage," from Late Lat. wadium, a pledge, O. Fr. wagier, gagier)

wages; in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March and See also:

• APRIL

April 1907, because the mine-owners refused to See also:

• DISCHARGE (adapted from the O. Fr. discharge, modern decharge, from a med. Lat. discargare, to unload, dis- and earn care, to load, cf. " charge ")

discharge carpenters who were members of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American Federation of Labour, but did not belong to the Western Federation of Miners or to the See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

Industrial Workers of the See also:

• WORLD

World affiliated with it, this last organization being, as a result of the strike, forced out of Goldfield; in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August and See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1907, because a See also:

• RULE

rule was introduced at some of the mines requiring miners to See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change their clothing before entering and after leaving the mines,—a .rule made necessary, according to the operators, by the wholesale stealing (in miners' parlance, " high-grading ") of the very valuable ore (some of it valued at as high as $20 a See also:

• POUND
• POUND (2)—(a)

pound); and in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November and December 1907, because some of the mine-owners, avowedly on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the hard times, adopted a See also:

• SYSTEM

system of paying in See also:

• CASHIER

cashier's checks . Excepting occasional attacks upon non-See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union workmen, or upon persons supposed not to be in sympathy with the miners' union, there had been no serious disturbance in Goldfield; but in December 1907, See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

Governor See also:

• SPARKS, JARED (1789-1866)

Sparks, at the instance of the mine-owners, appealed to See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• ROOSEVELT, THEODORE (1858— )

Roosevelt to send Federal troops to Goldfield, on the ground that the situation there was ominous, that destruction of See also:

• LIFE

life and See also:

• PROPERTY

property seemed probable, and that the state had no See also:

• MILITIA (Fr. milice, Ger. Miliz, from Lat. miles, soldier, militia, military service)

militia and would be powerless to maintain See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order . President Roosevelt thereupon (December 4th) ordered See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick Funston, commanding the See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

Division of See also:

• CALIFORNIA
• CALIFORNIA, LOWER (Baja California)
• CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

California, at See also:

• SAN

San Francisco, to proceed with 300 Federal troops to Goldfield . The troops arrived in Goldfield on the 6th of December, and immediately afterwards the mine-owners reduced wages and announced that no members of the Western Federation of Miners would thereafter be employed in the mines . President Roosevelt, becoming convinced that conditions had not warranted Governor Sparks's See also:

• APPEAL

appeal for Federal assistance, but that the immediate withdrawal of the troops might nevertheless See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead to serious disorders, consented that they should remain for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time on See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition that the state should immediately organize an adequate militia or See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police force . Accordingly, a See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting of the legislature was immediately called, a state police force was organized, and on the 7th of March 1908 the troops were withdrawn . Thereafter See also:

• WORK

work was gradually resumed in the mines, the contest having been won by the mine-owners .