See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT GAVRIIL IVANOVICH See also:

• COUNT GAVRIIL IVANOVICH GOLOVKIN (1660-1734)

GOLOVKIN (1660-1734)  , See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian statesman, was attached (1677), while still a lad, to the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of the tsarevitch See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter, afterwards Peter the See also:

• GREAT

Great, with whose See also:

• MOTHER

mother Natalia he was connected, and vigilantly guarded him during the disquieting See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of the regency of See also:

• SOPHIA (1630-1714)

Sophia, See also:

• SISTER

sister of Peter the Great (1682-1689) . He accompanied the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• TSAR, or CZAR

tsar abroad on his first See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign tour, and worked by his See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side in the See also:

• DOCKYARDS

dockyards of Saardam . In 1706 he succeeded See also:

• GOLOVIN, FEDOR ALEKSYEEVICH, COUNT (d. 1706)

Golovin in the direction of foreign affairs, and was created the first Russian See also:

• GRAND

grand-See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor on the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field of See also:

• POLTAVA

Poltava (1709) . See also:

• GOLOVKIN, GAVRIIL IVANOVICH, COUNT (1660-1734)

Golovkin held this See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office for twenty-five years . In the reign of See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine I. he became a member of the supreme privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council which had the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief conduct of affairs during this and the succeeding reigns . The empress also entrusted him with her last will whereby she appointed the young Peter II. her successor and Golovkin one of his guardians . On the See also:

• DEATH

death of Peter II. in 1730 he declared openly in favour of See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne, duchess of See also:

• COURLAND, or KURLAND

Courland, in opposition to the aristocratic Dolgorukis and Golitsuins, and his determined attitude on behalf of See also:

• AUTOCRACY (Gr. abroepareca, absolute power)

autocracy was the chief cause of the failure of the proposed constitution, which would have converted See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia into a limited See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy . Under Anne he was a member of the first See also:

• CABINET

cabinet formed in Russia, but had less See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence in affairs than Ostermann and See also:

• MUNNICH, BURKHARD CHRISTOPH, COUNT (1683-1767)

Munnich . In 1707 he was created a See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• EMPIRE

empire, and in 1710 a count of the Russian empire . He was one of the wealthiest, and at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time one of the stingiest, magnates of his See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day . His See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance of any See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language but his own made his intercourse with foreign ministers very inconvenient . See R .

N . See also:

• BAIN, ALEXANDER (1818-1903)
• BAIN, ANDREW GEDDES (1797-1864)

Bain, The Pupils of Peter the Great (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1897) . (R . N .