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FREIHERR VON DER COLMAR GOLTZ (1843- )

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 227 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FREIHERR VON DER

COLMAR GOLTZ (1843- )  , Prussian soldier and military writer, was born at Bielkenfeld, East Prussia, on the 12th of August 1843, and entered the Prussian
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infantry in 1861 . In 1864 he entered the Berlin Military Academy, but was temporarily withdrawn in 1866 to serve in the
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Austrian war, in which he was wounded at Trautenau . In 1867 he joined the topographical section of the general staff, and at the beginning of the Franco-German War of 1870-71 was attached to the staff of Prince Frederick Charles . He took
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part in the battles of
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Vionville and
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Gravelotte and in the siege of
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Metz . After its fall he served under the Red Prince in the
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campaign of the
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Loire, including the battles of Orleans and Le Mans . He was appointed in 1871 professor at the military school at
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Potsdam, and the same
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year was promoted captain and placed in the
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historical section of the general staff . It was then he wrote Die Operationen der II . Armee bis zur Capitulation von Metz and Die Sieben Tage von Le Mans, both published in 1873 . In 1874 he was appointed to the staff of the 6th division, and while so employed "wrote Die Operationen der II . Armee an der Loire and Leon Gambetta and seine Armeen, published in 1875 and 1877 respectively . The latter was translated into French the same year, and both are impartially written . The views expressed in the latter
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work led to his being sent back to regimental duty for a time, but it was not long before he returned to the military
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history section .

In 1878 von der

Goltz was appointed lecturer in military history at the military academy at Berlin, where he remained for five years and attained the rank of major . He published, in 1883,
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Rossbach and
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Jena (new and revised edition, Von Rossbach bis Jena and Auerstadt, 1906), Das Volk in Waffen (
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English
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translation The Nation in Arms), both of which quickly became military
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classics, and during his residence in Berlin contributed many articles to the military
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journals . In
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June 1883 his services were lent to
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Turkey to reorganize the military establishments of the country . He spent twelve years in this work, the result of which appeared in the
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Greco-
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Turkish War of 1897, and he was made a
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pasha and in 1895 a mushir or field-marshal . On his return to Germany in 1896 he became a
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lieutenant-general and
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commander of the 5th division, and in 1898, head of the Engineer and
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Pioneer Corps and inspector-general of fortifications . In 190o he was made general of infantry and in 1902 commander of the I. army corps . In 1907 he was made inspector-general of the newly created
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sixth army inspection established at Berlin, and in 1908 was given the rank of colonel-general (Generaloberst) . In addition to the
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works already named and frequent contributions to military periodical literature, he wrote Kriegfuhrung (1895, later edition Krieg- and Heerfuhrung, 1901; Eng. trans . The Conduct of War) ; Der thessalische Krieg (Berlin, 1898) ;
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Ain Ausflug nach Macedonien (1894); Anatolische Ausfluge (1896); a map and description of the environs of Constantinople; Von Jena bis Pr . Eylau (1907), a most important historical work, carrying on the story of Rossbach and Jena to the peace of
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Tilsit, &c .

End of Article: FREIHERR VON DER COLMAR GOLTZ (1843- )
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