DIOGO See also:

• DIOGO GOMEZ (DIEGO) (ff. 1440-1482)

GOMEZ (DIEGO) (ff. 1440-1482)  , Portuguese See also:

• SEAMAN, OWEN (1861– )

seaman, explorer and writer . We first trace him as a cavalleiro of the royal See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household; in 1440 he was appointed See also:

• RECEIVER

receiver of the royal customs—in 1466 See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge—at See also:

• CINTRA

Cintra (juiz das causas e feitorias contadas de Cintra); on the 5th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1482 he was confirmed in the last-named See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . He wrote, especially for the benefit of See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin See also:

• BEHAIM (or BE1?EM), MARTIN (1436?-1507)

Behaim, a Latin See also:

• CHRONICLE (from Gr. Xpovos, time)

chronicle of See also:

• GREAT

great value, dealing with the See also:

• LIFE

life and discoveries of See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry the Navigator, and divided into three parts: (1) De prima inventione Guineae; (2) De insulis prinzo inventis in See also:

• MARE

mare (sic) Occidentis; (3) De inventione insularuria de Acores . This chronicle contains the only contemporary See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the rediscovery of the See also:

• AZORES (Acores), or WESTERN ISLANDS

Azores by the Portuguese in Prince Henry's service, and is also See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note-worthy for its clear ascription to the prince of deliberate scientific and commercial putpose in exploration . For, on the one See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, the See also:

• INFANTE (Spanish and Portuguese form of Lat. infans, young child)

infante sent out his caravels to See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search for new lands (ad quacrendas terras) from his wish to know the more distant parts of the western ocean, and in the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope of finding islands or terra firma beyond the limits laid down by See also:

• PTOLEMY (CLAUDIUS PTOLEMAEUS)

Ptolemy (ultra descriptionem Tolomei); on the other hand, his See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information as to the native See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade from See also:

• TUNIS

Tunis to See also:

• TIMBUKTU (French spelling Tombouctou)

Timbuktu and the See also:

• GAMBIA

Gambia helped to inspire his persistent exploration of the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West See also:

• AFRICAN

African See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast—" to seek those lands by way of the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea." See also:

• CHART (from Lat. carta, charta, a map)

Chart and quadrant were used on the prince's vessels, as by See also:

• GOMEZ, DIOGO (DIEGO) (ff. 1440-1482)

Gomez himself on reaching the Cape Verde Islands; Henry, at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of Diogo's first voyage, was in See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence with an See also:

• ORAN (Arabic Wahran, i.e. ravine)

Oran See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant who kept him informed upon events even in the Gambia See also:

• HINTERLAND (German for " the land behind ")

hinterland; and, before the See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery of the See also:

• SENEGAL

Senegal and Cape Verde in 1445, Gomez' royal See also:

• PATRON

patron had already gained reliable information of some route to Timbuktu . In the first See also:

• PART

part of his chronicle Gomez tells how, no See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long time after the disastrous expedition of the Danish nobleman " Vallarte " (See also:

• ADALBERT (originally VOYTECH), (c. 950-997)
• ADALBERT, or ADELBERT (c. 1000-1072)

Adalbert) in 1448, he was sent out in command of three vessels along the West African coast, accompanied by one See also:

• JACOB
• JACOB, JOHN (1812-1858)

Jacob, an See also:

• INDIAN

Indian interpreter, to be employed in the event of reaching See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India . After passing the Rio Grande, beyond Cape Verde, strong currents checked his course; his See also:

• OFFICERS

officers and men feared that they were approaching the extremity of the ocean, and he put back to the Gambia . He ascended this See also:

• RIVER

river a considerable distance, to the See also:

• NEGRO (from Lat. eager, black)

negro See also:

• TOWN

town of " Cantor," whither natives came from "Kukia " and Timbuktu for trade; he gives elaborate descriptions of the negro See also:

• WORLD

world he had now penetrated, refers to the Sierra Leone (" Serra Lyoa ") Mountains, sketches the course of this range, and says much of Kukia (in the upper See also:

• NIGER
• NIGER, GAIUS PESCENNIUS

Niger See also:

• BASIN, or BASON (the older form bacin is found in many of the Romanic languages, from the Late Lat. baccinus or bacchinus, probably derived from bacca, a bowl)
• BASIN, THOMAS (1412—1491)

basin?), the centre of the West African See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold trade, and the resort of merchants and caravans from Tunis, See also:

• FEZ (Fes)

Fez, See also:

• CAIRO
• CAIRO (Arabic Misr-al-Kahira, or simply Misr)

Cairo and " all the See also:

• LAND

land of the See also:

• SARACENS

Saracens." Mahommedanism was already dominant at the See also:

• CAMBRIA

Cambria See also:

• ESTUARY (from the Lat. aestuarium, a place reached by aestus, the tide)

estuary, but Gomez seems to have won over at least one important See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief, with his See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, to See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity and Portuguese See also:

• ALLEGIANCE (Mid. Eng. ligeaunce; med. Lat. ligeantia, &c.; the al- was probably added through confusion with another legal term, allegeance, an allegation; the Fr. allegeance comes from the English; the word is formed from " liege," of which the derivatio

allegiance . Another African voyage, apparently made in 1462, two years after Henry r A . Jeremias, Das A.T. See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im Lichte See also:

• DES

des See also:

• ALTEN, SIR CHARLES [Karl] (1764–1840)

alten Orients, pp . 145 f . the Navigator's See also:

• DEATH

death (though assigned by some to 146o), resulted in a fresh discovery of the Cape Verde Islands, already found by See also:

• CADAMOSTO (or CA DA MosTO), ALVISE (1432-1477)

Cadamosto (q.v.) .

To the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of See also:

• SANTIAGO, or SANTIAGO DE CHILE

Santiago Gomez, like his Venetian forerunner, claims to have given its See also:

• PRESENT

present name . His narrative is a leading authority on the last illness and death of Prince Henry, as well as on the life, achievements and purposes of the latter; here alone is recorded what appears to have been the earliest of the navigator's exploring ventures, that which under Joao de Trasto reached See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• CANARY
• CANARY (Serinus canarius)

Canary in 1415 . Of Gomez' chronicle there is only one MS., viz . See also:

• COD

Cod . Hisp . 27, in the See also:

• HOF

Hof- and Staats-Bibliothek, See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich; the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original Latin See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text was printed by Schmeller " Uber Valentim See also:

• FERNANDEZ, ALVARO
• FERNANDEZ, DIEGO
• FERNANDEZ, JOHN (Joao, Joam)
• FERNANDEZ, JUAN (fl. c. 1570)
• FERNANDEZ, LUCAS

Fernandez See also:

• ALEMBIC (Arab. al, definite article, anbiq, a still; cognate to the • Gr. agOtE, a cup)

Alembic) " in the Abhandlungen der philosoph.-philolog . Kl. der bayerisch . Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol. iv., part iii . (M unich,1847) ; see also Sophus See also:

• RUGE, ARNOLD (18o2—188o)

Ruge, " See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Entdeckung der Azoren," pp . 149-180 (esp . 178-179) in the 27th Jahresbericht des Vereins See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur Erdkunde (See also:

• DRESDEN

Dresden, 1901); Jules Mees, Histoire de la decouverte des 'ties Acores, pp . 44-45,125-I27 (See also:

• GHENT (Flem. Gent, Fr. Gand)

Ghent, 1901); R .

H . See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

Major, Life of Prince Henry the Navigator, pp. xviii., xix., 64-65, 287-299, 303-305 (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1868) ; C . R . Beazley, Prince Henry the Navigator, 289-298, 304-305 ; and Introduction to See also:

• AZURARA, GOMES EANNES DE (?-1474)

Azurara's Discovery and See also:

• CONQUEST

Conquest of See also:

• GUINEA

Guinea, ii., iv., xiv., See also:

• XXV

xxv.-See also:

• XXVII

xxvii., xcii.-xcvi . (London, 1899) . (C . R .