See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON VON SCHUTZ GEORG HEINRICH VON See also:

• BARON VON SCHUTZ GEORG HEINRICH VON GORTZ (1668-1719)

GORTZ (1668-1719)  , See also:

• HOLSTEIN
• HOLSTEIN, FRIEDRICH VON (1837–1909)

Holstein statesman, was educated at See also:

• JENA

Jena . He entered the Holstein-Gottorp service, and after the See also:

• DEATH

death of the duchess Hedwig See also:

• SOPHIA (1630-1714)

Sophia, See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles XII.'s See also:

• SISTER

sister, became very influential during the minority of her son See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

Duke Charles See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick . His earlier policy aimed at strengthening Holstein-Gottorp at the expense of See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark . With this See also:

• OBJECT

object, during Charles XII.'s stay at See also:

• ALTRANSTADT

Altranstadt (x706-1707), he tried to divert the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to the Holstein question, and six years later, when the See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• COMMANDER

commander, See also:

• MAGNUS, HEINRICH GUSTAV (1802-1870)

Magnus See also:

• STENBOCK, MAGNUS GUSTAFSSON, COUNT (1664—1717)

Stenbock, crossed the See also:

• ELBE (the Albis of the Romans and the Labe of the Czechs)

Elbe, See also:

• GORTZ, GEORG HEINRICH VON, BARON VON SCHUTZ (1668-1719)

Gortz rendered him as much assistance as was compatible with not openly breaking with Denmark, even going so far as to surrender the fortress of Tanning to the Swedes . Gortz next attempted to undermine the See also:

• GRAND

grand See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance against See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden by negotiating with See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia and See also:

• SAXONY
• SAXONY (Ger. Provinz Sachsen)

Saxony for the purpose of isolating Denmark, or even of turning the arms of the See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies against her, a task by no means impossible in view of the strained relations between Denmark and the See also:

• TSAR, or CZAR

tsar . The See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan foundered, however, on the refusal of Charles XII. to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German domains by ceding See also:

• STETTIN

Stettin to Prussia . Another simultaneous plan of procuring the Swedish See also:

• CROWN

crown for Duke Charles Frederick also came to nought . Gortz first suggested the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage between the duke of Holstein and the tsarevna See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne of Russia, and negotiations were begun in St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg with that object . On the arrival of Charles XII. from See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey at See also:

• STRALSUND

Stralsund, Gortz was the first to visit him, and emerged from his presence See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister or " grand-See also:

• VIZIER

vizier " as the Swedes preferred to See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call the bold and crafty See also:

• SATRAP [Pers. Khshatrapavan, i.e." protector (superintendent) of the country (or district)," Heb. sakhshadrapan, Gr. taerpan-ris (insc. of Miletus, Sitzungsber. Berl. Ak. 1900, 112), E% u3pa7eixav (insc. of Mylasa, Dittenberger, Sylloge, 95), ital. p6. rr

satrap, whose See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute devotion to the Swedish king took no See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the intense wretchedness of the Swedish nation . Gortz, himself a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of uncommon audacity, seems to have been fascinated by the heroic See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element in Charles's nature and was determined, if possible, to save him from his difficulties . He owed his extra-See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence to the fact that he was the only one of Charles's advisers who believed, or pretended to believe, that Sweden was still far from exhaustion, or at any See also:

• RATE

rate had a sufficient reserve of See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power to give support to an energetic See also:

• DIPLOMACY (Fr. diplomatic)

diplomacy—Charles's own See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion, in fact . Gortz's position, however, was highly See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar .

Ostensibly, he was only the Holstein minister at Charles's See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, in reality he was everything in Sweden except a Swedish subject—See also:

• FINANCE

finance minister, plenipotentiary to See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, factotum, and responsible to the king alone, though he had not a See also:

• LINE

line of instructions . But he was just the man for a See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero in extremities, and his whole course of See also:

• PROCEDURE (Fr. procedure, from Lat. procedere, to go for-ward)

procedure was, of See also:

• NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity, revolutionary .