CLAUDE

See also:

• PIERRE

PIERRE

See also:

• CLAUDE PIERRE GOUJET (1697-1767)

GOUJET (1697-1767)  , French abbe and litterateur, was born in Paris on the 19th of October 1697 . He studied at the College of the Jesuits, and at the College Mazarin, but he nevertheless became a strong Jansenist . In 1705 he assumed the ecclesiastical habit, in 1719 entered the order of Oratorians, and soon afterwards was named canon of St Jacques 1'Hepital . On account of his extreme Jansenist opinions he suffered considerable persecution from the Jesuits, and several of his works were suppressed at their instigation . In- his latter years his health began to fail, and he lost his eyesight . Poverty compelled him to sell his library, a sacrifice which hastened his death, which took place at Paris on the 1st of February 1767 . He is the author of Supplement au dictionnaire de Moreri (1735) and a Nouveau Supplement to a subsequent edition of the work; he collaborated in Bibliotheque francaise, . ou histoire litteraire de la France (18 vols., Paris, 1740—1759) ; and in the Vies des saints (7 vols., 1730) ; he also wrote Memoires historiques et litteraires sur le college royal de France (1758) ; Histoire des Inquisitions (Paris, 1752); and supervised an edition of Richelet's Dictionnaire, of which he has also given an abridgment . He helped the abbe Fabre in his continuation of Fleury's Histoire ecclesiastique . See Memoires hilt. et lift. de l'abbe Goujet (1767) . who crossed the Sutlej in large numbers, and Sir Hugh Gough - conducted the operations against them, being well supported by Lord Hardinge, the governor-general, who volunteered to serve under him . Successes in the hard-fought battles of Mudki and Ferozeshah were succeeded by the victory of Sobraon, and shortly afterwards the Sikhs sued for peace at Lahore . The services of Sir Hugh Gough were rewarded by his elevation to the peerage of the United Kingdom as Baron Gough (April 1846) .

The

war broke out again in 1848, and again Lord Gough took the field; but the result of the battle of Chillianwalla being equivocal, he was superseded by the home authorities in favour of Sir Charles Napier; before the news of the supersession arrived Lord Gough had finally crushed the Sikhs in the battle of Gujarat (February 1849) . His tactics during the Sikh wars were the subject of an embittered controversy (see Sixx WARS) . Lord Gough now returned to England, was raised to a viscountcy, and for the third time received the thanks of both Houses of Parliament . A pension of £200o per annum was granted to him by parliament, and an equal pension by the East India Company . He did not again see active service . In 1854 he was appointed colonel of the Royal Horse Guards, and two years later he was sent to the Crimea to invest Marshal Pelissier and other officers with the insignia of the Bath . Honours were multiplied upon him during his latter years . • He was made a knight of St Patrick, being the first knight of the order who did not hold an Irish peerage, was sworn a privy councillor, was named a G.C.S.I., and inNovember 1862 was made field-marshal . He was twice married, and left children by both his wives . He died on the 2nd of March 1869 . See R . S .

Rait, Lord Gough (1903) ; and Sir W .

Lee Warner, Lord Dalhousie (1904) .