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SIR JAMES HOPE GRANT (1808–1895)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 355 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR See also:JAMES See also:HOPE See also:GRANT (1808–1895)  , See also:English See also:general, fifth and youngest son of See also:Francis See also:Grant of Kilgraston, See also:Perthshire, and See also:brother of See also:Sir Francis Grant, P.R.A., was See also:born on the 22nd of See also:July 18o8 . He entered the See also:army in 1826 as See also:cornet in the 9th Lancers, and became See also:lieutenant in 1828 and See also:captain in 1835 . In 1842 he was See also:brigade-See also:major to See also:Lord Saltoun in the See also:Chinese See also:War, and specially distinguished himself at the See also:capture of See also:Chin-Kiang, after which he received the See also:rank of major and the C.B . In the first See also:Sikh War of 1845–46 he took See also:part in the See also:battle of See also:Sobraon; and in the See also:Punjab See also:campaign of 1848–49 he commanded the 9th Lancers, and won high reputation in the battles of See also:Chillianwalla and Guzerat (See also:Gujarat) . He was promoted See also:brevet lieutenant-See also:colonel and shortly afterwards to the same substantive rank . In 1854 he became brevet-colonel, and in 1856 brigadier of See also:cavalry . He took a leading part in the suppression of the See also:Indian See also:mutiny of 1857, holding for some See also:time the command of the cavalry See also:division, and afterwards of a movable See also:column of See also:horse and See also:foot . After rendering valuable service in the operations before See also:Delhi and in the final See also:assault on the See also:city, he directed the victorious See also:march of the cavalry and horse See also:artillery despatched in the direction of See also:Cawnpore to open up communication with the See also:commander-in-See also:chief Sir See also:Colin See also:Campbell, whom he met near the See also:Alambagh, and who raised him to the rank of brigadier-general, and placed the whole force under his command during what remained of the perilous march to See also:Lucknow for the See also:relief of the residency . After the retirement towards Cawnpore he greatly aided in effecting there the See also:total rout of the See also:rebel troops, by making a detour which threatened their See also:rear; and following in pursuit with a flying column, he defeated them with the loss of nearly all their guns at Serai See also:Ghat . He also took part in the operations connected with the recapture of Lucknow, shortly after which he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and appointed to the command of the force employed for the final pacification of See also:India, a position in which his unwearied See also:energy, and his vigilance and caution See also:united to high See also:personal daring, rendered very valuable service . Before the See also:work of pacification was quite completed he was created K.C.B . In 1859 he was appointed, with the See also:local rank of lieutenant-general, to the command of the See also:British See also:land forces in the united See also:French and British expedition against See also:China .

The See also:

object of the campaign was accomplished within three months of the landing of the forces at Pei-tang (1st of See also:August 186o) . The Taku Forts had been carried by assault, the Chinese defeated three times in the open and See also:Peking occupied . For his conduct in this, which has been called the " most successful and the best carried out of See also:England's little See also:wars," he received the thanks of See also:parliament and was gazetted G.C.B . In 1861 he was made lieutenant-general and appointed commander-in-chief of the army of See also:Madras; on his return to England in 1865 he was made quartermaster-general at headquarters; and in 187o he was transferred to the command of the See also:camp at See also:Aldershot, where he took a leading part in the reform of the educational and training systems of the forces, which followed the Franco-See also:German War . The. introduction of See also:annual army manoeuvres was largely due to Sir See also:Hope Grant . In 1872 he was gazetted general . He died in See also:London on the 7th of March 1875 . Incidents in the See also:Sepoy War of 1857-58, compiled from the Private See also:Journal of General Sir Hope Grant, K.C.B., together with some explanatory chapters by Capt . H . See also:Knollys, Royal Artillery, was published in 1873, and Incidents in the China War of 186o appeared posthumously under the same editorship in 1875 .

End of Article: SIR JAMES HOPE GRANT (1808–1895)
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