See also:

• GRASSHOPPER (Fr. sauterelle, `Ital. grillo, Ger. Gras/U:114er, Heuschrecke, Swed. Grdshoppa)

GRASSHOPPER (Fr. sauterelle, `Ital. grillo, Ger. Gras/U:114er, Heuschrecke, Swed. Grdshoppa)  , names applied to orthopterous See also:

• INSECTS

insects belonging to the families Locustidae and Acridiidae . They are especially remarkable for their saltatory See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, due to the See also:

• GREAT

great development of the See also:

• HIND

hind legs, which are much longer than the others and have stout and powerful thighs, and also for their stridulation, which is not always an attribute of the male only . The distinctions between the two families may be briefly stated as follows: The Locustidae have very See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• THREAD (0. Eng. praed, literally, that which is twisted, prawan, to twist, to throw, cf. " throwster," a silk-winder, Ger. drehen, to twist, turn, Du. draad, Ger. Draht, thread, wire)

thread-like antennae, four-jointed tarsi, a long ovipositor, the auditory See also:

• ORGANS

organs on the tibiae of the first See also:

• LEG
• LEG (a word of Scandinavian origin, from the Old Norwegian leggr, cf. Swed. lagg, Dan. laeg; the O. Eng. word was sceanca, shank)

leg and the stridulatory See also:

• ORGAN

organ in the wings; the Acridiidae have See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short stout antennae, three-jointed tarsi, a short ovipositor, the auditory organs on the first abdominal segment, and the stridulatory organ between the posterior leg and the wing . The See also:

• TERM

term " See also:

• GRASSHOPPER (Fr. sauterelle, `Ital. grillo, Ger. Gras/U:114er, Heuschrecke, Swed. Grdshoppa)

grasshopper " is almost synonymous with See also:

• LOCUST

LOCUST (q.v.) . Under both " grasshopper " and " locust' " are included members of both families above noticed, but the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority belong to the Acridiidae in both cases . In . See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain the term is chiefly applicable to the large See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green grasshopper (Locusta or Phasgonura viridissima) See also:

• COMMON

common in most parts of the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and to smaller and much better-known See also:

• SPECIES

species of the genera Stenobothrus, Gomphocerus and Teltix, the latter remarkable for the great See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of the pronotum, which often reaches beyond the extremity of the See also:

• BODY

body . All are See also:

• VEGETABLE

vegetable feeders, and, as in all orthopterous insects, have an incomplete See also:

• METAMORPHOSIS

metamorphosis, so that their destructive powers are continuous from the moment of emergence from the See also:

• EGG (O.E. aeg, cf. Ger. Ei, Swed. aegg, and prob. Gr. u,ov, Lat. ovum)
• EGG, AUGUSTUS LEOPOLD (1816-1863)

egg till See also:

• DEATH

death . The migratory locust (Pachytylus cinerascens) may be considered only an exaggerated grasshopper, and the Rocky See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

Mountain locust (Caloptenus spretus) is still more entitled to the name . In Britain the species are not of sufficient See also:

• SIZE

size, nor of sufficient numerical importance, to do any great damage . The See also:

• COLOURS, MILITARY

colours of many of them assimilate greatly to those of their habitats; the green of the Locusta viridissima is wonderfully similar to that of the herbage amongst which it lives, and those species that frequent more arid spots are protected in the same manner . Yet many species have brilliantly coloured under-wings (though scarcely so in See also:

• ENGLISH

English forms), and during See also:

• FLIGHT

flight are almost as conspicuous as butterflies .

Those that belong to the Acridiidae mostly See also:

• LAY

lay their eggs in more or less cylindrical masses, surrounded by a glutinous secretion, in the ground . Some of the Locustidae also lay their eggs in the ground, but others See also:

• DEPOSIT (Lat. depositurn, from deponere, to lay down, to put in the care of)

deposit them in fissures in trees and See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low See also:

• PLANTS

plants, in which the See also:

• FEMALE

female is aided by a long flattened ovipositor, or See also:

• PROCESS

process at the extremity of the See also:

• ABDOMEN (a Latin word, either from abdere, to hide, or from a form adipomen, from adeps, fat)

abdomen, whereas in the Acridiidae there is only an apparatus pf valves . The stridulation or " See also:

• SONG

song " in the latter is produced by See also:

• FRICTION (from Lat. fricare, to rub)

friction of the hind legs against portions of the wings or wing-covers . To a practised 'See also:

• EAR (common Teut.; O.E. are, Ger. Ohr, Du. oor, akin to Lat. auris, Gr. ovs)

ear it is perhaps possible to distinguish the " song " of even closely allied species, and some are said to produce a See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound differing by See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day and See also:

• NIGHT

night .