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See also: steel receptacle for a domestic fire
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When See also: coal replaced logs and irons were found to be unsuitable for burning the comparatively small lumps, and for this reason and on account of the more concentrated heat of coal it became necessary to confine the See also: area of the fire
.
Thus a See also: basket or cage came into use, which, as knowledge of the scientific principles of See also: heating increased, was succeeded by the small See also: grate of iron and fire-brick set close into the See also: wall which has since been in ordinary use in See also: England
.
In the early See also: part of the 19th century polished steel grates were extensively used, but the labour and difficulty of keeping them bright were considerable, and they were gradually replaced by grates with a polished black See also: surface which could be quickly renewed by an application of black-See also: lead
.
The most frequent See also: form of the 18th-century grate was rather high from the hearth, with a small hob on each See also: side
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The See also: brothers See also: Adam designed many exceedingly elegant grates in the shape of movable baskets ornamented with the pateraeand acanthus leaves, the swags and festoons characteristic of their manner
.
The See also: modern See also: dog-grate is a somewhat similar basket supported upon See also: dogs or andirons, fixed or movable
.
In the closing years of the 19th century a " well-grate " was invented, in which the fire burns upon the hearth, combustion being aided by an air-chamber below
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