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GRAZ [GRATZ]

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 395 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GRAZ [GRATZ]  , the See also:capital of the See also:Austrian duchy and See also:crown-See also:land of See also:Styria, 14o m . S.W. of See also:Vienna by See also:rail . Pop . (1900) 138,370 . It is picturesquely situated on both See also:banks of the Mur, just where this See also:river enters a broad and fertile valley, and the beauty of its position has given rise to the punning See also:French description, La Ville See also:des See also:graces sur la See also:riviere de l'amour . The See also:main See also:town lies on the See also:left See also:bank of the river at the See also:foot of the Schloss-See also:berg (1545 ft.) which dominates the town . The beautiful valley traversed by the Mur, known as the Grazer Feld and bounded by the Wildonerberge, extends to the See also:south; to the S.W. rise the Bacher Gebirge and the Koralpen; to the N. the Schockel (4745 ft.), and to the N.W. the See also:Alps of Upper Styria . On the Schlossberg, which can be ascended by a See also:cable See also:tramway, beautiful parks have been laid out, and on its See also:top is the See also:bell-See also:tower, 6o ft. high, and the See also:quaint See also:clock-tower, 52 ft. high, which bears a gigantic clock-See also:dial . At the foot of the Schlossberg is the Stadt-See also:Park . Among the numerous churches of the See also:city the most important is the See also:cathedral of St Aegidius, a See also:Gothic See also:building erected by the See also:emperor See also:Frederick III. in 1450–1462 on the site of a previous See also:church mentioned as See also:early as 1157 . It has been several times modified and redecorated, more particularly in 1718 . The See also:present See also:copper See also:spire See also:dates from 1863 .

The interior is richly adorned with stained-See also:

glass windows of See also:modern date, costly shrines, paintings and tombs . In the immediate neighbourhood of the cathedral is the See also:mausoleum church erected by the emperor See also:Ferdinand II . Worthy of mention also are the See also:parish church, a See also:Late Gothic building, finished in 1520, and restored in 1875, which possesses an See also:altar piece by See also:Tintoretto; the Augustinian church, appropriated to the service of the university since 1827; of the " fount of tears," and his characteristic See also:melancholy, except in the few See also:hours when it was indeed See also:black, was not a pitiable See also:state; rather, it was one See also:secret of the See also:charm both of the See also:man and of the poet . A very See also:complete bibliography of See also:Gray will be found in Dr . See also:Bradshaw's edition of the poems in the Aldine See also:series . See also:Dodsley published ten of the poems, exclusive of the " See also:Long See also:Story," in 1768 . See also:Mason's See also:Life of Gray (1778) included the poems and some hitherto unpublished fragments, with a selection from his letters, much garbled . Mathias in 1814 reprinted Mason's edition and added much from Gray's MS. commentaries together with some more of his See also:translations . The most exhaustive edition of Gray's writings was achieved by the Rev . See also:John See also:Mitford, who first did See also:justice to the See also:correspondence with See also:Wharton and See also:Norton Nicholls (5 vols., See also:Pickering, 1836–1843; correspondence of Gray and Mason, See also:Bentley, 1853) ; see also the edition of the See also:works by See also:Edmund See also:Gosse (4 vols . 1884) ; the Life by the same in Eng . Men of Letters (2nd ed., 1889); some further See also:relics are given in Gray and His See also:Friends by D .

C . Tovey (See also:

Cambridge, 1890) ; and a new edition of the letters copiously annotated by D . C . Tovey is in the See also:Standard Library (19oo–19o7) . Nicholl's Illustrations, vol. vi. p . 805, quoted by See also:Professor Kittredge in the Nation, See also:Sept . 12th, 1900, gives the true story of Gray's See also:migration to See also:Pembroke See also:College . See also:Matthew See also:Arnold's See also:essay on Gray in See also:Ward's See also:English Poets is one of the See also:minor See also:classics of See also:literary See also:criticism . (D . C .

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