GRENADA  , the southernmost of the Windward Islands, See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies . It lies between 11° 58' and 12° 15' N. and between 61° 35' and 61° 5o' W., being 14o m . S.W. of See also:

• BARBADOS, or BARBADOES

Barbados and 85 m . N. by W. of See also:

• TRINIDAD

Trinidad . In shape See also:

• OVAL (Lat. ovum, egg)

oval, it is 21 m. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, 12 M. broad at its maximum and has an See also:

• AREA

area of 133 sq. m . It owes much of its beauty to a well-wooded range of mountains traversing the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island from N. to S. and throwing off from the centre spurs which See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form picturesque and fertile valleys . These mountains attain their highest See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation in MountCatharine (2750 ft.) . In the S.E. and N.W. there are stretches of See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low or undulating ground, devoted to See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit growing and See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle raising . The island is of volcanic origin; the only signs of upheaval are raised See also:

• LIMESTONE

limestone beaches in the extreme N . Red and See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey sandstones, See also:

• HORNBLENDE

hornblende and argillaceous schist are found in the mountains, See also:

• PORPHYRY (IlopcPisptos) (A.D. 233-c. 304)

porphyry and basaltic rocks also occur; See also:

• SULPHUR

sulphur and See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

fuller's See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth are worked . In the centre, at the height of 174o ft. above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, is the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief natural curiosity of Grenada, the See also:

• GRAND

Grand Etang, a circular See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

lake, 13 acres in extent, occupying the site of an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• CRATER

crater . Near it is a large See also:

• SANATORIUM (a modern Latinism, formed from sanare, to cure, restore to health, sanus, whole, healthy, well; often wrongly spelled sanatarium or sanitarium)

sanatorium, much frequented as a See also:

• HEALTH

health resort .

In the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east is a larger lake, Lake See also:

• ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

Antoine, also occupying a crater, but it lies almost at the sea level . The island is watered by several See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers, mainly on the east and See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south; there are numerous fresh See also:

• WATER

water springs, as well as .hot chalybeate and sulphurous springs . The south-eastern See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast is much indented with bays . The See also:

• CLIMATE

climate is goodythe temperature equable and epidemic diseases are rare . In the low See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country the See also:

• AVERAGE

average yearly temperature is 82° F., but it is cooler in the heights . The rainfall is very heavy, amounting in some parts to as much as 200 in., a See also:

• YEAR

year . The See also:

• RAINY, ROBERT (1826-1906)

rainy See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season lasts from May to See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December, but refreshing showers frequently occur during other parts of the year . The average See also:

• ANNUAL

annual rainfall at St Georges is 79.07 in., and at Grand Etang 164 in . The excellent climate and See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good sea-bathing have made Grenada the health resort of the neighbouring islands, especially of Trinidad . Good roads and byeways intersect it in every direction . The See also:

• SOIL

soil is extraordinarily fertile, the chief products being See also:

• COCOA

cocoa and spices, especially nutmegs . The exports, sent chiefly to See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain, are cocoa, spices, See also:

• WOOL, WORSTED AND WOOLLEN MANUFACTURES

wool, See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton, See also:

• COFFEE (Fr: cafe, Ger. Kaffee)

coffee, live stock, hides, turtles, turtle See also:

• SHELL
• SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)

shell, See also:

• KOLA

kola nuts, See also:

• VANILLA

vanilla and See also:

• TIMBER

timber .

Barbados is dependent on Grenada for the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of its firewood . See also:

• SUGAR

Sugar is still grown, and See also:

• RUM
• RUM (according to Skeat, a corruption of Malay brum or bram; the adjective " rum," i.e. " queer," being a distinct word, in Gipsy rem)

rum and See also:

• MOLASSES

molasses are made, but the See also:

• CONSUMPTION (Lat. consumere)

consumption of these is confined to the island . Elementary See also:

• EDUCATION

education is chiefly in the hands of the various denominations, whose See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools are assisted by See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government grants-in-aid . There are, however, a few See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular schools conducted by the government, and government-aided secondary schools for girls and a See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school for boys . The schools are controlled by a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of education, the members of which are nominated by the government, and small fees are charged in all schools . The See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of the Windward Islands resides in Grenada and is See also:

• ADMINISTRATOR

administrator of it . The Legislative See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council consists of 14 members; 7 including the governor are ex-officio members and the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest are nominated by the See also:

• CROWN

Crown . See also:

• ENGLISH

English is universally spoken, but the negroes use a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• PATOIS

patois, which, however, is gradually dying out . Only 2% of the inhabitants are See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, the rest being negroes and mulattoes with a few East See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians . The See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital, St See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George, in the south-west, is built upon a See also:

• LAVA

lava See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula jutting into the sea and forming one See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of its See also:

• LAND

land- locked See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour . It is surrounded by an See also:

• AMPHITHEATRE (Gr. 441, around, and O&arpov, a place for spectators)

amphitheatre of hills, up the sides of which climb the red-See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick houses of the See also:

• TOWN

town . At the extremity of the peninsula is Fort St George, with a saluting See also:

• BATTERY (Fr. batterie, from battles, to beat)

battery .

The See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

ridge connecting Fort St George with See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill is tunnelled to give See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to the two parts of the town lying on either side . The See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population in 1901 was 5198 . There are four other towns—on the west coast Gouyave, or See also:

• CHARLOTTE

Charlotte Town, and 4 M . N. of it See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria; on the north coast Sauteurs; and See also:

• GRENVILLE (or GRANVILLE), SIR RICHARD (r600-1658)
• GRENVILLE (or GREYNVILE), SIR RICHARD (c. 1541-1591)
• GRENVILLE, GEORGE (1712-1770)
• GRENVILLE, SIR BEVIL (1596-1643)
• GRENVILLE, WILLIAM WYNDHAM GRENVILLE, BARON (1759-1834)

Grenville at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a wide See also:

• BAY

bay on the east . ' They are all in frequent communication with the capital by steamer . The population of the entire See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony in 1901 was 63,438 . See also:

• HISTORY

History.—Grenada was discovered in 1498 by See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus, who named it Conception . Neither the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish nor the British, to whom it was granted in 1627, settled on the island . The governor of See also:

• MARTINIQUE

Martinique, du Parquet, See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased it in 165o, and the French were well received by the Caribs, whom they afterwards extirpated with the greatest See also:

• CRUELTY (through the O. Fr. crualte, mod. cruaute, from the Lat. crudelitas)

cruelty . In 1665 Grenada passed into the hands of the French West See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India See also:

• COMPANY

Company, and was administered by it until its See also:

• DISSOLUTION (from Lat. dissolvere, to break up into parts)

dissolution in 1674, when the island passed to the French Crown . Cocoa, coffee and cotton were introduced in 1714 . During the See also:

• WARS

wars between Great Britain and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, Grenada capitulated to the British forces in 1762, and was formally ceded next year by the Treaty of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris .

The French, under See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count d'See also:

• ESTAING, CHARLES HECTOR, COMTE

Estaing, re-captured the island in 1779, but it was restored to Great Britain by the Treaty of See also:

• VERSAILLES

Versailles in 1783 . A See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion against the British See also:

• RULE

rule, instigated and assisted by the French, occurred in 1795, but was quelled by See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• RALPH (d. 1122)

Ralph See also:

• ABERCROMBY
• ABERCROMBY, PATRICK (1656–c.-1716)
• ABERCROMBY, SIR RALPH (1734-1801)

Abercromby in the following year . The emancipation of the slaves took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in 1837, and by 1877 it was found necessary to introduce East See also:

• INDIAN

Indian labour . Grenada, with cocoa as its See also:

• STAPLE

staple, has not experienced similar depression to that which overtook the sugar-growing islands of the West Indies . See Grenada Handbook (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1905) .