Online Encyclopedia

GROUP XX

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 352 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GROUP XX  .
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Digitalis.—This
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group-name has been given to a large number of substances which have an
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action similar to that of the
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foxglove leaves, including the active principles of
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strophanthus,
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squill, Urechites suberecta, Convallaria majalis, Nerium Oleander, Hellebores niger, Antiaris toxicaria (the
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upas tree), and several others . The active principles of these vary a good
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deal in chemical composition, but they are all non-nitrogenous neutral bodies . Their action is exerted upon muscle, and chiefly upon the muscle of the heart and
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blood vessels . The individual muscle-fibres
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con-tract and expand more perfectly, and thus the diastole and systole of the heart are rendered more
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complete, the
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pulse is slowed, and the blood-pressure is raised . The slowing of the heart is partly brought about by an action on the vagus centre . Ggour XXI .
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Picrotoxin.—In large doses the action of picrotoxin is exerted chiefly on the medullary nerve centres, whereby irregular tonic-clonic
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convulsions are produced; in minute doses it stops the secretion of sweat .

End of Article: GROUP XX
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