See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

WILLIAM See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

ROBERT See also:

• GROVE (O.E. graf, cf. O.E. gr(efa, brushwood, later" greave "; the word does not appear in any other Teutonic language, and the New English Dictionary finds no Indo-European root to which it can be referred; Skeat considers it connected with " grave," to
• GROVE, SIR GEORGE (182o-1900)
• SIR WILLIAM ROBERT GROVE (1811-1896)

GROVE (1811-1896)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge and See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 11th of See also:

• JULY

July 1811 at See also:

• SWANSEA

Swansea, See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• WALES (Cymru, Gwalia, Cambria)

Wales . After being educated by private tutors, he went to Brasenose See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, where he took an See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary degree in 1832 . Three years later he was called to the See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar at See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln's See also:

• INN

Inn . His See also:

• HEALTH

health, however, did not allow him to devote himself strenuously to practice, and he occupied his leisure with scientific studies . About 1839 he constructed the See also:

• PLATINUM [symbol Pt, atomic weight 145.0 (0=16)]

platinum-See also:

• ZINC

zinc voltaic See also:

• CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell that bears his name, and with the aid of a number of these exhibited the electric arc See also:

• LIGHT

light in the See also:

• LONDON

London Institution, See also:

• FINSBURY

Finsbury See also:

• CIRCUS (Lat. circus, Gr. Kipeos or Kptxot, a ring or' circle; probably " circus " and " ring " are of the same origin)

Circus . The result was that in 1840 the managers appointed him to the professorship of experimental See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy, an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office which he held for seven years . His researches dealt very largely with electro-See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry and with the voltaic cell, of which he invented several varieties . One of these, the See also:

• GROVE (O.E. graf, cf. O.E. gr(efa, brushwood, later" greave "; the word does not appear in any other Teutonic language, and the New English Dictionary finds no Indo-European root to which it can be referred; Skeat considers it connected with " grave," to
• GROVE, SIR GEORGE (182o-1900)
• GROVE, SIR WILLIAM ROBERT (1811-1896)

Grove See also:

• GAS

gas-See also:

• BATTERY (Fr. batterie, from battles, to beat)

battery, which is of See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• INTEREST

interest both intrinsically and as the forerunner of the secondary batteries now in use for the " storage " of See also:

• ELECTRICITY

electricity, was based on his observation that a current is produced by a couple of platinum plates See also:

• STANDING

standing in acidulated See also:

• WATER

water and immersed, the one in See also:

• HYDROGEN [symbol H, atomic weight x-oo8 (0=16)]

hydrogen, the other in See also:

• OXYGEN (symbol 0, atomic weight 16)

oxygen . At one of his lectures at the Institution he anticipated the electric See also:

• LIGHTING

lighting of to-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day by See also:

• ILLUMINATING

illuminating the See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre with incandescent electric lamps, the filaments being of platinum and the current supplied by a battery of his nitric See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid cells . In 1846 he published his famous See also:

• BOOK

book on The Correlation of See also:

• PHYSICAL

Physical Forces, the leading ideas of which he had already put forward in his lectures: its fundamental conception was that each of the forces of nature—light, See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat, electricity, &c.—is definitely and equivalently convertible into any other, and that where experiment does not give the full See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent, it is because the initial force has been dissipated, not lost, by See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion into other unrecognized forces . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year he received a Royal See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal from the Royal Society for his Bakerian lecture on " Certain phenomena of voltaic ignition and the decomposition of water into its constituent gases." In 1866 he presided over the See also:

• BRITISH

British Association at its See also:

• NOTTINGHAM
• NOTTINGHAM, CHARLES HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF1 (1536-1624)
• NOTTINGHAM, EARLS OF

Nottingham See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting and delivered an address on the continuity of natural phenomena . But while he was thus engaged in scientific See also:

• RESEARCH (O. Fr. recerche, from recercher, re- and cercer, mod. chercher, to search; Late Lat. circare, to go round in a circle, to explore)

research, his legal See also:

• WORK

work was not neglected, and his practice increased so greatly that in 1853 he became a Q.C .

One of the best-known cases in which he appeared as an See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

advocate was that of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• PALMER
• PALMER, EDWARD HENRY (1840-1882)
• PALMER, ERASTUS DOW (1817-1904)
• PALMER, GEORGE (1818-1897)
• PALMER, JOHN
• PALMER, RAY (1808-1887)
• PALMER, SAMUEL (1805-1881)
• PALMER, SIR CHARLES MARK, BART

Palmer, the See also:

• RUGELEY

Rugeley poisoner, whom he defended . In 1871 he was made a judge of the See also:

• COMMON

Common Pleas in See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession to See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• COLLIER, ARTHUR (1680-1732)
• COLLIER, JEREMY (1650-1726)
• COLLIER, JOHN PAYNE (1789–1883)

Collier, and remained on the See also:

• BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. form of a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Bank, Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")

bench till 1887 . He died in London on the 1st of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1896 . A selection of his scientific papers is given in the See also:

• SIXTH

sixth edition of The Correlation of Physical Forces, published in 1874 .