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GUANAJUATO, or See also: state, 155 M
.
(See also: direct) N.W. of the Federal capital, on a small tributary of the Rio Grande de Lerma or See also: Santiago
.
Pop
.
(1895) 39,404; (1900) 41,486
.
The city is built in the See also: Canada de Marfil at the junction of three ravines about 6500 ft. above the See also: sea, and its narrow, tortuous streets rise steeply as they follow the ravines upward to the See also: mining villages clustered about the opening of the mines in the hillsides
.
Guanajuato is sometimes described as a collection of mining villages; but in addition there is the central city with its crowded winding streets, its substantial old See also: Spanish buildings, its fifty ore-crushing mills and busy factories and its bustling commercial See also: life
.
Enclosing the city are the steep, barren See also: mountain sides honeycombed with mines
..
The See also: climate is semi-tropical and is considered healthy
.
The noteworthy public buildings and institutions are an interesting old Jesuit See also: church with
See also: arches of See also: pink See also: stone and delicate
See also: carving, eight monasteries, the See also: government palace, a mint dating from 1812, a See also: national See also: college, the See also: fine Teatro See also: Juarez, and the See also: Pantheon, or public cemetery, with catacombs below
.
The Alhondiga de Granaditas, originally a public granary, was used as a fort during the War of Independence, and is celebrated as the scene of the first See also: battle (181o) in that long struggle
.
Among the manufactures are cottons, prints, soaps, chemicals, pottery and silverware, .but mining is the See also: principal See also: interest and occupation of the population
.
The See also: silver mines of the vicinity were long considered the richest in Mexico, the celebrated Veta Madre (See also: mother lode) even being described as the richest in the See also: world; and Guanajuato has the largest reduction See also: works in Mexico
.
The railway outlet for the city consists of a See also: short branch of the Mexican Central, which joins the trunk See also: line at Silao
.
Guanajuato was founded in 1554
.
It attained the dignity of a city in 1741
.
It was celebrated for its vigorous resistance to the invaders at the See also: time of the Spanish See also: conquest, and was repeatedly sacked during that war
.
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