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JOSEPH DE GUIGNES (1721—1800)

YVETTE GUILBERT (1869— )

BARONS AND EARLS OF GUILFORD

GUILLAUME DE LORRIS (fl. 1230)

GUILLAUME DE PALERME (WILLIAM of PALERNE)

JEAN BAPTISTE CLAUDE EUGENE GUILLAUME (1822-1905)

GUILLEMOT (Fr. guillemot 1)

MARIE NICOLAS SYLVESTRE GUILLON (1760-1847)

GUIMARAES (sometimes written Guimaraens)

MARIE MADELEINE GUIMARD (1743-1816)

JEAN BAPTISTE GUIMET

ERNEST GUIRAUD (1837—1892)

GUISBOROUGH, or GUISBROUGH

GUITAR (Fr. guitarre, Ger. Guitarre, Ital. chitarra, Span. guitarra)

GUITAR FIDDLE (Troubadour Fiddle)

LUCIEN GERMAIN GUITRY (186o— )

FRANCOIS PIERRE GUILLAUME GUIZOT (1787-1874)

GULL (Welsh gwylan, Breton, goelann, whence Fr. goeland)

SIR WILLIAM WITHEY GULL

JOHN GULLY (1783-1863)

GULPAMGAN (Jerhadegan of the Arab geographers)

GUM (Fr. gomme, Lat. gommi, Gr. Kµµ1, possibly a Coptic word; distinguish " gum," the fleshy covering of the base of a tooth, in O. Eng. gbma, palate, cf. Ger. Gaumen, roof of the mouth; the ultimate origin is probably the root gha, to open wide, seen in

BARON KARL WILHELM VON GUMBEL (1823-1898)

GUMULJINA, or GUMURDJINA

IVAN GUNDULICH (1588-1638)

GUNNER, or MASTER GUNNER

PETER GUNNING (1614-1684)

EDMUND GUNTER (1581-1626)

GUNTHER OF SCHWARZBURG (1304-1349)

JOHANN CHRISTIAN GUNTHER (1695-1723)

GUNTRAM, or GONTRAN (561-592)

EUGEN GURA (1842—1906)

GURKHA (pronounced goorka; from Sans. gau, a cow, and raks, to protect)

WILLIAM GURNALL (1617—1699)

GURNARD (Trigla)

EDMUND GURNEY (1847—1888)

JOHN GURWOOD (1790-1845)

GUSLA, or GUSLI

GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS UNION (GUSTAV-ADOLF-STIFTUNG, GUSTAV-ADOLF-VEREIN, EVANGELISCHER VEREIN DER GUSTAVADOLF-STIFTUNG)

GUTART (or GUIARD), GUILLAUME (d. c. 1316)

JOHANN GUTENBERG (c. 1398–1468)

SIR JAMES GUTHRIE (1859– )

THOMAS GUTHRIE (1803-1873)

THOMAS ANSTEY GUTHRIE (1856- )

GUTHRUM (GoDRUM) (d. 89o)

BARON VON ALFRED GUTSCHMID (1835-1887)

GUTTA (Latin for " drop ")

GUTTER (O. Fr. goutiere, mod. gouttiere, from Lat. gutta, drop)

KARL FERDINAND GUTZKOW (1811-1878)

KARL FRIEDRICH AUGUST GUTZLAFF (1803–1851)

THOMAS GUY (1644–1724)

JEANNE MARIE BOUVIER DE LA MOTHE GUYON (1648—1717)

RICHARD DEBAUFRE GUYON (1803-1856)

ARNOLD HENRY GUYOT (18o7–1884)

YVES GUYOT (1843– )

BARON LOUIS BERNARD GUYTON DE MORVEAU (1737-1816)

IZIDOR GUZMICS (1786-1839)

JOSEPH GWILT (1784-1863)

NELL [ELEANOR] GWYN (1650-1687)

JOHAN GYLLENSTJERNA

GYMNASTICS AND GYMNASIUM

GYMNOSOPHISTS (Lat. gymnosophistae, from Gr. yuµvos, vo4mrrits, " naked philosophers ")

GYNAECEUM (Gr. yvvaiseiov, from yuvii, woman)

GYNAECOLOGY (from Gr. 'mil, yuvausos, a woman, andAoyos, discourse)

ISTVAN [STEPHEN] GYONGYOSI (1620-1704)

GYOR (Ger. Raab)

GYROSCOPE AND GYROSTAT

H4 (Sr, Ba, Ca)Al2(SiOa)6+31420. H 4CaAl2(SiO3)

HAAKON (Old Norse Hdkon)

HAARLEM LAKE (Dutch Harlemmer Meer)

FRIEDRICH HAASE (1827— )

FRIEDRICH GOTTLOB HAASE (1808—1867)

SIR JOHANN FRANZ JULIUS VON HAAST (1824—1887)

HABABS (Az-HIBBEHS)

HABDALA (lit. " separation ")

WILLIAM HABINGTON (1605-1654)

HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

HABITAT (a French word derived from habiter, Lat. habitare, to dwell)

HABSBURG, or HAPSBURG

JEAN NICOLAS PIERRE HACHETTE (1769-1834)

JEANNE HACHETTE

LOUIS CHRISTOPHE FRANCOIS HACHETTE

HACHURE (French for " hatching ")

HACIENDA (0. Span. facienda, from the Latin, meaning " things to be done ")

JOHN HACKET (1592-1670)

HORATIO BALCH HACKETT (1808-1875)

JAMES HENRY HACKETT (1800—1871)

FRIEDRICH WILHELM VON HACKLANDER (1816—1877)

HACKNEY (from Fr. haquenee, Lat. equus, an ambling horse or mare, especially for ladies to ride; the English " hack " is simply an abbreviation)

EARL OF HADDINGTON

HADDINGTONSHIRE, or EAST LOTHIAN

HADDOCK (Gadus aeglefinus)

SIR FRANCIS SEYMOUR HADEN (1818-1910)

HADENDOA (from Beja Hada, chief, and endowa, people)

HADERSLEBEN (Dan. Haderslev)

JANE HADING (1859– )

ARTHUR TWINING HADLEY (1856– )

JAMES HADLEY (1821–1872)

HADRIA [mod. Atri (q.v.)]

HADRIAN (PUBLICS AELIUS HADRIANUS)

ERNST HEINRICH HAECKEL (1834- )

HAEMATITE, or HEMATITE

HAEMATOCELE (Gr. aiya, blood, and rd7X17, tumour)

HAEMORRHAGE (Gr. atµa, blood, and prryvvvac, to burst)

HAEMORRHOIDS, or HEMORRHOIDS (from Gr. aiµa, blood, and bap, to flow)

HAETZER, or HETZER, LUDWIG (d. 1529)

FRIEDRICH VON HAGEDORN (1708-1754)

FRIEDRICH HEINRICH VON DER HAGEN (178o-1856)

KARL RUDOLF HAGENBACH (1801-1874)

CARL HAGENBECK (1844- )

HENRY RIDER HAGGARD (1856– )

HAGIOLOGY (from Gr. iiyios, saint, Xbyos, discourse)

HAGIOSCOPE (from Gr. ayior, holy, and o•KOaeiv, to see)

HAGUE, THE (in Dutch, 's Gravenhage, or, abbreviated, den Haag; in Fr. La Haye; and in Late Lat. Haga Comitis)

AUGUST HAHN (1792–1863)

SAMUEL CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH HAHNEMANN (1755-'843)

RITTER VON WILHELM KARL HAIDINGER (1795-1871)

HAIDUK (also written Hayduk, Heiduc, Heyduke and Heyduque)

HAIK (an Arabic word, from hak, to weave)

HAIL (O. Eng. kcegl and hagol, 1 cf. the cognate Teutonic hagel, as in German, Dutch, Swedish, &c.; the Gr. K&XX17E, pebble, is probably allied)

LORD DAVID DALRYMPLE HAILES (1726-1792)

HAINAU (officially HAYNAU)

HAINAUT (Flem. Henegouwen, Ger. Hennegau)

HAINBURG, or HAIMBURG

HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

Or HISPANIOLA] SAN DOMINGO HAYTI HAITI [HAITI

HAKE (Merluccius vulgaris)

EDWARD HAKE (fl. 1579)

THOMAS GORDON HAKE (1809-1895)

HAKKAS (" Guests," or " Strangers ")

RICHARD HAKLUYT (c. 1553—1616)

HALA, or HALLA (formerly known as Murtazabad )

HALAKHA, or HALACIIA (literally " rule of conduct ")

HALBERD HALBERT

JAMES ALEXANDER HALDANE (1768–1851)

RICHARD BURDON HALDANE (1856– )

ROBERT HALDANE (1764–1842)

SAMUEL STEHMAN HALDEMAN (1812-188o)

SIR FREDERICK HALDIMAND (1718–1791)

EDWARD EVERETT HALE (1822-1909)

HORATIO HALE (1817–1896)

JOHN PARKER HALE (1806–1873)

NATHAN HALE (1756-1776)

SIR MATTHEW HALE (1609-1676)

WILLIAM GARDNER HALE (1849- )

JOHN HALES (1584-1656)

STEPHEN HALES (1677-1761)

HALES, or HAYLES, JOHN (d. 1571)

JUDAH BEN SAMUEL HALEVI (c. 1o85-c. 1140)

JACQUES FRANCOIS FROMENTAL ELIE HALEVY (1799-. 1862)

LUDOVIC HALEVY (1834-1908)

HALF TIMBER WORK

WILLIAM HALFPENNY

HALFWAY COVENANT

NATHANIEL BRASSEY HALHED (1751-1830)

THOMAS CHANDLER HALIBURTON (1796-1865)

HALICARNASSUS (mod. Budrum)

EARL OF CHARLES MONTAGUE HALIFAX (1661–1715)

2ND EARL OF GEORGE MONTAGU DUNK HALIFAX (1716-1771)

1ST MARQUESS OF GEORGE SAVILE HALIFAX (1633-1695)

HALISAH (Hebrew, ny'S " untying ")

FREIHERR VON HUGH HALKETT (1783-1863)

HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)

HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)

BASIL HALL (1788-1844)

CARL CHRISTIAN HALL (1812–1888)

CHARLES FRANCIS HALL (1821-1871)

CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN HALL (1816—19oz)

EDWARD HALL (c. 1498-1547)

FITZEDWARD HALL (1825-1901)

ISAAC HOLLISTER HALL (1837-1896)

JAMES HALL (1793–1868)

JAMES HALL (1811–1898)

JOSEPH HALL (1574-1656)

MARSHALL HALL (1790-1857)

ROBERT HALL (1764-1831)

SAMUEL CARTER HALL (5800-5889)

SIR JAMES HALL (1761-1832)

WILLIAM EDWARD HALL (1835-1894)

ROBERT HALLAM (d. 1417)

HALLE (known as HALLE-AN-DER-SAALE, t0 distinguish it from the small town of Halle in Westphalia)

SIR CHARLES HALLE (originally KARL HALLE) (1819-1895)

HENRY WAGER HALLECK (1815-1872)

HALLEFLINTA (a Swedish word meaning rock-flint)

HALLEL (Heb. 5;7 a Mishnic derivative from 5? hillel, " to praise ")

ALBRECHT VON HALLER (1708–1777)

BERTHOLD HALLER (1492–1536)

EDMUND HALLEY (1656–1742)

JONAS HALLGRIMSSON (1807-1844)

ANDREW [ANDREW HALLIDAY DUFF] HALLIDAY (1830-1877)

HALLUCINATION (from Lat. alucinari or allucinari, to wander in mind, Gr. a.)^i resty or hXvecv, from an, wandering)

CARL FELIX HALM (18o9-1882)

HALMA (Greek for " jump ")

HALMAHERA [" great land "; also Jilolo or Gilolo]

FRANS HALS (158o?–1666)

1ST EARL OF HARDINGE STANLEY GIFFARD HALSBURY (1825– )

HALUNTIUM (Gr. 'AXbvrwv, mod. S. Marco d'Alunzio)

JAMES HALYBURTON (1518–1589)

THOMAS HALYBURTON (1674–1712)

JOHANN GEORG HAMANN (1730—1788)

HAMAR, or STOREHAMMER (GREAT HAMAR)

FRANCOIS ALPHONSE HAMELIN (1796-1864)

ROBERT HAMERLING (183o-1889)

PHILIP GILBERT HAMERTON (1834-1894)

HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)

ALEXANDER HAMILTON (1757-1804)

HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)

ELIZABETH HAMILTON (1758–1816)

LADY EMMA HAMILTON (c. 1765-1815)

JAMES HAMILTON (1769-1831)

1ST DUKE OF JAMES HAMILTON HAMILTON (1606-1649)

JOHN HAMILTON (c. 1511–1571)

MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF HAMILTON

PATRICK HAMILTON (1504-1528)

ROBERT HAMILTON (1743-1829)

SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON

SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON (1730-1803)

SIR WILLIAM ROWAN HAMILTON (1805-1865)

THOMAS HAMILTON (1789-1842)

WILLIAM HAMILTON (1704-1754)

WILLIAM GERARD HAMILTON (1729-1796)

HAMITIC RACES AND LANGUAGES

SIR EDWARD BRUCE HAMLEY (1824-1893)

HANNIBAL HAMLIN (1809-189x)

FRIEDRICH JULIUS HAMMER (1810-1862)

HAMMERBEAM ROOF

HENRY HAMMOND (1605-1660)

JEAN LOUIS HAMON (1821–1874)

1ST HENRY BOUVERIE WILLIAM BRAND HAMPDEN

JOHN HAMPDEN (c. 1595-1643)

RENN DICKSON HAMPDEN (1793-1868)

HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

WADE HAMPTON (1818-1902)

SIR CHARLES HANBURY WILLIAMS (1708-1759)

JOHN HANCOCK (1737–1793)

WINFIELD SCOTT HANCOCK (1824-1886)

HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)

FERDINAND GOTTHELF HAND (1786-185r)

GEORGE FREDERICK HANDEL (1685–1759)

HANDFASTING (A.S. handfcestnung, pledging one's hand)

WENCESLAUS HANKA (1791-1861)