GUINNESS  , the name of a See also:

• FAMILY

family of Irish brewers . The See also:

• FIRM

firm was founded by See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

ARTHUR GUINNESS, who about the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century owned a modest See also:

• BREWING

brewing-plant at Leixlip, a See also:

• VILLAGE

village on the upper reaches of the See also:

• RIVER

river Liffey . In or about 1759 Arthur Guinness, seeking to extend his See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased a small See also:

• PORTER
• PORTER, BENJAMIN CURTIS (1843– )
• PORTER, DAVID (1780-1843)
• PORTER, DAVID DIXON (1813-1891)
• PORTER, ENDYMION (1587–1649)
• PORTER, HENRY (ft. 1596-1599)
• PORTER, HORACE (1837– )
• PORTER, JANE (1776–1850)
• PORTER, MARY (d. 1765)
• PORTER, NOAH (1811–1892)

porter brewery belonging to a Mr Rainsford at St See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James's See also:

• GATE

Gate, See also:

• DUBLIN

Dublin . By careful See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to the purity of his product, coupled with a shrewd See also:

• PERCEPTION (from Lat. percipere, to perceive)

perception of the public See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste, he built up a considerable business . But his third son, See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

BENJAMIN See also:

• LEE
• LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
• LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
• LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
• LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
• LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
• LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
• LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
• LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
• LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
• LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
• LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
• LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
• LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)

LEE GUINNESS (1798—1868), may be regarded as the real maker of the firm, into which he was taken at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, and of which about 1825 he was given See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control . See also:

• PRIOR (from Lat. prior—former, and hence superior, through O. Fr. priour)
• PRIOR, MATTHEW (1664-1721)

Prior to that date the trade in Guinness's porter and stout had been confined to See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland, but Benjamin Lee Guinness at once established agencies in the See also:

• UNITED

United See also:

• KINGDOM

Kingdom, on the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent, in the See also:

• BRITISH

British colonies and in See also:

• AMERICA

America . The export trade soon assumed huge proportions; the brewery was continually enlarged, and when in 1855 his See also:

• FATHER

father died, Benjamin Lee Guinness, who in 1851 was elected first See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor of Dublin, found himself sole proprietor of the business and the richest See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man in Ireland . Between 186o and 1865 he devoted a portion of this See also:

• WEALTH

wealth to the restoration of St See also:

• PATRICK, SIMON (1626–1707)
• PATRICK, ST

Patrick's See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, Dublin . The See also:

• WORK

work, the progress of which he regularly superintended himself, cost £i6o,000 . Benjamin Lee Guinness represented the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of Dublin in See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament as a Conservative from 1865 till his See also:

• DEATH

death, and in 1867 was created a See also:

• BARONET

baronet . He died in 1868, and was succeeded in the control of the business by See also:

• SIR

Sir Arthur See also:

• EDWARD

Edward Guinness (b . 1840), his eldest, and Edward See also:

• CECIL

Cecil Guinness (b .

1847), his third, son . Sir ARTHUR EDWARD GUINNESS, who for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time represented Dublin in parliament, was in 188o raised to the See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage as See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Ardilaun, and about the same time disposed of his See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the brewery to his See also:

• BROTHER

brother Edward Cecil Guinness . In 1886 EDWARD CECIL GUINNESS disposed of the brewery, the products of which were then being sent all over the See also:

• WORLD

world, to a limited See also:

• COMPANY

company, in which he remained the largest share-holder . Edward Cecil Guinness was created a baronet in 1885, and in 1891 was raised to the peerage as Baron Iveagh . The Guinness family have been distinguished for their philanthropy and public munificence . Lord Ardilaun gave a recreation ground to Dublin, and the famous Muckross See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate at See also:

• KILLARNEY

Killarney to the nation . Lord Iveagh set aside £250,000 for the creation of the Guinness See also:

• TRUST

trust (1889) for the erection and See also:

• MAINTENANCE (Fr. maintenance, from maintenir, to maintain, support, Lat. manu tenere, to hold in the hand)

maintenance of buildings for the labouring poor in See also:

• LONDON

London and Dublin, and was a liberal benefactor to the funds of Dublin university .