GURDASPUR  , a See also:

• TOWN

town and See also:

• DISTRICT

district of See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, in the See also:

• LAHORE

Lahore See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the See also:

• PUNJAB

Punjab . The town had a See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population in 19o1 of 5764 . It has a fort (now containing a See also:

• BRAHMAN

Brahman monastery) which was famous for the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege it sustained in 1712 from the Moguls . The See also:

• SIKH

Sikh See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, See also:

• BANDA

Banda, was only reduced by See also:

• STARVATION

starvation, when he and his men were tortured to See also:

• DEATH

death after capitulating . The DISTRICT comprises an See also:

• AREA

area of 1889 sq. m . It is bounded on the N. by the native states of See also:

• KASHMIR, or CASHMERE

Kashmir and See also:

• CHAMBA

Chamba, on the E. by See also:

• KANGRA

Kangra district and the See also:

• RIVER

river See also:

• BEAS

Beas, on the S.W. by See also:

• AMRITSAR, or UMRITSAR

Amritsar district, and on the W. by See also:

• SIALKOT, or SEALKOTE

Sialkot, and occupies the submontane portion of the See also:

• BARI
• BARI (anc. Barium)

Bari See also:

• DOAB

Doab, or See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract between the Beas and the See also:

• RAVI

Ravi . An intrusive See also:

• SPUR (A.S. spura, spora, related to spornan, spurnan, to kick, spurn; cf. M.H.G. sporn, mod. Ger. Sporn)

spur of the British dominions runs See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• WARD
• WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
• WARD, ARTEMUS
• WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
• WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
• WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
• WARD, JAMES (1843– )
• WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
• WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
• WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
• WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
• WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)

ward into the See also:

• LOWER

lower Himalayan ranges, to include the See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain See also:

• SANATORIUM (a modern Latinism, formed from sanare, to cure, restore to health, sanus, whole, healthy, well; often wrongly spelled sanatarium or sanitarium)

sanatorium of See also:

• DALHOUSIE, FOX MAULE RAMSAY
• DALHOUSIE, JAMES ANDREW BROUN RAMSAY, 1ST MARQUESS

Dalhousie, 7687 ft. above See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea-level . This station, which has a large fluctuating population during the warmer months, crowns the most See also:

• WESTERLY

westerly See also:

• SHOULDER (in O.E. sculder, cognate with Ger. Schulter, Dutch schouder, Swed. skuldra, &c; the root is unknown)

shoulder of a magnificent snowy range, the Dhaoladhar, between which and the See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain two See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor ranges intervene . Below the hills stretches a picturesqueand undulating See also:

• PLATEAU (a French term, older platel, for a flat piece of wood, metal, &c., from plat, flat)
• PLATEAU, JOSEPH ANTOINE FERDINAND (1801-1883)

plateau covered with abundant See also:

• TIMBER

timber, made See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green by a copious rainfall, and watered by the streams of the Bari Doab, which, diverted by dams and embankments, now empty their See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters into the Beas directly, in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order that their channels may not interfere with the Bari Doab See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

canal . The district contains several large jhils or swampy lakes, and is famous for its See also:

• SNIPE (0. Eng. Spite, Icel. Snipe, Dutch Snip, Ger. Schnepfe)

snipe-See also:

• SHOOTING

shooting . It is historically important in connexion with the rise of the Sikh confederacy . The whole of the Punjab was then distributed among the Sikh chiefs who triumphed over the imperial See also:

• GOVERNORS

governors .

In the course of a few years, however, the maharaja Ranjit Singh acquired all the territory which those chiefs had held . Pathankot and the neighbouring villages in the plain, together with the whole See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill portion of the district, formed See also:

• PART

part of the area ceded by the Sikhs to the British after the first Sikh See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war in 1846 . In 1862, after receiving one or two additions, the district was brought into its See also:

• PRESENT

present shape . In 1901 the population was 940,334, showing a slight decrease, compared with an increase of 15% in the previous See also:

• DECADE (from Gr. Oka, ten)

decade . A See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the North-Western railway runs through the district . The largest town and See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief commercial centre is See also:

• BATALA

Batala . There are important woollen See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills at Dhariwal, and besides their products the district exports See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton, See also:

• SUGAR

sugar, See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain and oil-seeds .