GUSTAVUS See also:

• ADOLPHUS, JOHN LEYCESTER (1795-1862)

ADOLPHUS See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

UNION (GUSTAV-ADOLF-STIFTUNG, GUSTAV-ADOLF-VEREIN, EVANGELISCHER VEREIN DER GUSTAVADOLF-STIFTUNG)  , a society formed of members of the Evangelical See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant churches of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, which has for its See also:

• OBJECT

object the aid of feeble See also:

• SISTER

sister churches, especially in See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic countries . The project of forming such a society was first broached in connexion with the bicentennial celebration of the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Liitzen on the 6th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1832; a proposal to collect funds for a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument to Gustavus See also:

• ADOLPHUS, JOHN LEYCESTER (1795-1862)

Adolphus having been agreed to, it was suggested by See also:

• SUPERINTENDENT

Superintendent Grossmann that the best memorial to the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion of Protestantism would be the formation of a See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union for propagating his ideas . For some years the society was limited in its See also:

• AREA

area and its operations, being practically confined to See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig and See also:

• DRESDEN

Dresden, but at the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation festival in 1841 it received a new impulse through the See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy and eloquence of Karl See also:

• ZIMMERMANN, JOHANN GEORG, RITTER VON

Zimmermann (1803–1877), See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court preacher at See also:

• DARMSTADT

Darmstadt, and in 1843 a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting was held at Frankforton-the-See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

Main, where no fewer than twenty-nine See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch associations belonging to all parts of Germany except See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria and See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria were represented . The want of a See also:

• POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN

positive creed tended to make many of the stricter Protestant churchmen doubtful of the usefulness of the union, and the stricter See also:

• LUTHERANS

Lutherans have always held aloof from it . On the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, its negative attitude in relation to Roman Catholicism secured for it the sympathy of the masses . At a general See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

convention held in See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1846 a keen dispute arose about the See also:

• ADMISSION

admission of the See also:

• KONIGSBERG (Polish Krolewiec)

Konigsberg delegate, See also:

• JULIUS

Julius Rupp (1809–1884), who in 1845 had been deprived for publicly repudiating the Athanasian Creed and became one of the founders of the " See also:

• FREE

Free Congregations "; and at one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time it seemed likely that the society would be completely broken up . Amid the See also:

• POLITICAL

political revolutions of the See also:

• YEAR

year 1848 the whole See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell into stagnation; but in 1849 another general convention (the seventh), held at See also:

• BRESLAU (Polish Wraclaw)

Breslau, showed that, although the society had lost both in membership and income, it was still possessed of considerable vitality . From that date the Gustav-Adolf-Verein has been more definitely " evangelical " in its See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

tone than formerly; and under the direction of Karl Zimmermann it greatly increased both in See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers and in See also:

• WEALTH

wealth . It has built over 2000 churches and assisted with some two million pounds over 5000 different communities . Apart from its See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence in maintaining Protestantism in hostile areas, there can be no doubt that the union has had a great effect in helping the various Protestant churches of Germany to realize the number and importance of their See also:

• COMMON

common interests . See K . Zimmermann, Geschichte See also:

• DES

des Gustav-Adolf-Vereins (Darmstadt, 1877) .