JEANNE See also:

• MARIE

MARIE See also:

• BOUVIER, JOHN (1787—1851)

BOUVIER DE LA MOTHE See also:

• JEANNE MARIE BOUVIER DE LA MOTHE GUYON (1648—1717)
• GUYON, RICHARD DEBAUFRE (1803-1856)

GUYON (1648—1717)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French quietist wiiter, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• MONTARGIS

Montargis, where her See also:

• FAMILY

family were persons of consequence, on the 13th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1648 . If her somewhat hysterical autobiography may be trusted she was much neglected in her youth; most of her timewas spent as a boarder in various See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools . Here she went through all the religious experiences See also:

• COMMON

common to neurotic See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• WOMEN

women; these were turned in a definitely mystical direction by the duchesse de See also:

• BETHUNE
• BETHUNE (FAMILY)
• BETHUNE, CONON

Bethune, daughter of the disgraced See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, See also:

• FOUQUET (or FOUCQUET), NICOLAS (1615-168o)

Fouquet, who spent some years at Montargis after her See also:

• FATHER

father's fall . In 1664 Jeanne See also:

• MARIE

Marie was married to a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich invalid of the name of See also:

• GUYON, JEANNE MARIE BOUVIER DE LA MOTHE (1648—1717)
• GUYON, RICHARD DEBAUFRE (1803-1856)

Guyon, many years her See also:

• SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM (1790-1864)

senior . Twelve years later he died, leaving his widow with three small See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children and a considerable See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune . All through her unhappy married See also:

• LIFE

life the mystical attraction had grown steadily in violence; it now attached itself to a certain Father Lacombe, a Barnabite See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk of weak See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character and unstable See also:

• INTELLECT (Lat. intellectus, from intelligere, to understand)

intellect . In 1681 she See also:

• LEFT

left her family and joined him; for five years the two rambled about together in See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy and the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, spreading their mystical ideas . At last they excited the suspicion of the authorities; in 1686 Lacombe was recalled to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, put under surveillance, and finally sent to the See also:

• BASTILLE (from Fr. bastir, now bdtir, to build)

Bastille in the autumn of 1687 . He was presently transferred to the See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle of See also:

• LOURDES

Lourdes, where he See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed softening of the See also:

• BRAIN (A.S. braegen)

brain and died in 1715 . Meanwhile Madame Guyon had been arrested in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1688, and been shut up in a convent as a suspected heretic . Thence she was delivered in the following See also:

• YEAR

year by her old friend, the duchesse de Bethune, who had returned from See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile to become a See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power in the devout See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-circle presided over by Madame de See also:

• MAINTENON

Maintenon . Before See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long Madame Guyon herself was introduced into this pious assemblage .

Its members were far from See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical; they were intensely interested in See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion; and even Madame Guyon's bitterest critics See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness to her See also:

• CHARM (through the Fr. from the Lat. carmen, a song)

charm of manner, her imposing See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance, and the force and eloquence with which she explained her mystical ideas . So much was Madame de Maintenon impressed, that she often invited Madame Guyon to give lectures at her girls' school of St Cyr . But by far the greatest of her conquests was See also:

• FENELON, BERTRAND DE SALIGNAC

Fenelon, now a rising young director of consciences, much in favour with aristocratic ladies . Dissatisfied with the formalism of See also:

• AVERAGE

average See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic piety, he was already thinking out a mystical theory of his own; and between 1689 and 1693 they corresponded regularly . But as soon as ugly reports about Lacombe began to spread, he See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke off all connexion with her . Meanwhile the reports had reached the prudent ears of Madame de Maintenon . In May 1693 she asked Madame Guyon to go no more to St Cyr . In the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope of clearing her orthodoxy, Madame Guyon appealed to See also:

• BOSSUET, JAQUES BENIGNE (1627-1704)

Bossuet, who decided that her books contained " much that was intolerable, alike in See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form and See also:

• MATTER

matter." To this See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment Madame Guyon submitted, promised to " dogmatize no more," and disappeared into the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country (1693) . In the next year she again petitioned for an inquiry, and was eventually sent, See also:

• HALF

half as a prisoner, half as a penitent, to Bossuet's See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• MEAUX

Meaux . Here she spent the first half of 1695; but in the summer she escaped without his leave, bearing with her a certificate of orthodoxy signed by him . Bossuet regarded this See also:

• FLIGHT

flight as a See also:

• GROSS

gross See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of disobedience; in the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter Madame Guyon was arrested and shut up in the Bastille . There she remained till 1703 .

In that year she was liberated, on See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition she went to live on her son's See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate near See also:

• BLOIS

Blois, under the See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye of a stern See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop . Here the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of her life was spent in charitable and pious exercises; she died on the 9th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1717 . During these latter years her See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat at Blois became a See also:

• REGULAR

regular See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of See also:

• PILGRIMAGE (Fr. pelerinage, Lat. peregrinatio)

pilgrimage for admirers, See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign quite as often as French . Indeed, she is one of the many prophetesses whose fame has stood highest out of their own country . French critics of all schools of thought have generally reckoned her an hysterical degenerate; in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany she has as often roused enthusiastic admiration . AUTnoRITIEs.--See also:

• VIE

Vie de Madame Guyon, ecrite See also:

• PAR (Lat. par, equal)

par elle-meme (really a compilation made from various fragments) (3 vols., Paris, 1791) . There is a life in See also:

• ENGLISH

English by T . C . Upham (New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, 1854) and an elaborate study by L . Guerrier (Paris, 1881) . For a remark-able See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

review of this latter See also:

• WORK

work see Brunetiere, Nouvelles Etudes critiques, vol. ii . The See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition of Madame Guyon's See also:

• WORKS

works, including the autobiography and five volumes of letters, runs to ,~.erty volumes (1767–1791); the most important works are published separately, Opuscules spirituels (2 vols., Paris, 1790) .

They have been several times translated into English . See also the literature of the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article on See also:

• QUIETISM

QUIETISM; and H . See also:

• DELACROIX, FERDINAND VICTOR EUGENE (1798-1863)

Delacroix, Etudes sur le mysticisme (Paris, 1908) .