See also:

• HADDINGTONSHIRE, or EAST LOTHIAN

HADDINGTONSHIRE, or See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

EAST See also:

• LOTHIAN

LOTHIAN  , a See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-eastern See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, bounded N. by the See also:

• FIRTH, CHARLES HARDING (1857– )
• FIRTH, MARK (1819-1880)

Firth of Forth, N.E. by the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea, E., S.E. and S. by See also:

• BERWICKSHIRE

Berwickshire, and S.W. and W. by See also:

• EDINBURGHSHIRE, or MIDLOTHIAN

Edinburghshire . It covers an See also:

• AREA

area of 171,o11 acres, or 267 sq. m . Its sea-See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast See also:

• MEASURES

measures 41 M . The See also:

• BASS
• BASS (the same word as " base," and so pronounced, but influenced in spelling by the Ital. basso)

Bass See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

Rock and Fidra Isle belong'to the See also:

• SHIRE

shire; and there are numerous rocks and reefs off the See also:

• SHORE

shore, especially between See also:

• DUNBAR, GEORGE (1774—1851)
• DUNBAR, PAUL LAURENCE (1872–1906)
• DUNBAR, WILLIAM (c. 1460-c. 1520)

Dunbar and Gullane See also:

• BAY

Bay . Broadly speaking, the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• HALF

half of the shire slopes gently to the coast, and the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern half is hilly . Several of the peaks of the Lammermuirs exceed 1500 ft., and the more level See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract is broken by Traprain See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

Law (724) in the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish of Prestonkirk, North See also:

• BERWICK, JAMES FITZJAMES

Berwick Law (612), and Garleton See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill (590) to the north of the county See also:

• TOWN

town . The only important See also:

• RIVER

river is the See also:

• TYNE

Tyne, which rises to the south-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of Borthwick in See also:

• MID

Mid-See also:

• LOTHIAN

Lothian, and, taking a generally north-easterly direction, reaches the sea just beyond the See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park of Tynninghame See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House, after a course of 28 m., for the first 7 M. of which it belongs to its See also:

• PARENT, SIMON NAPOLEON (1855– )

parent shire . It is noted for a very See also:

• FINE

fine variety of See also:

• TROUT (Salmo trutta)

trout, and See also:

• SALMON
• SALMON, GEORGE (1819-1904)

salmon are sometimes taken below the linn at East See also:

• LINTON, ELIZA LYNN (1822-1898)
• LINTON, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1897)

Linton . The Whiteadder rises in the parish of Whittingehame, but, flowing towards the south-east, leaves the shire and at last joins the See also:

• TWEED

Tweed near Berwick . There are no natural lakes, but in the parish of Stenton is found Pressmennan See also:

• LOCH, HENRY BROUGHAM LOCH, 1ST BARON (1827-1900)

Loch, an artificial See also:

• SHEET

sheet of See also:

• WATER

water of somewhat See also:

• SERPENTINE

serpentine shape, about 2 M. in length, with a width of some 400 yds., which was constructed in 1819 by damming up the See also:

• RAVINE

ravine in which it lies . The See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks are wooded and picturesque, and the water abounds with trout . See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

Geology.—The higher ground in the south, including the Lammermuir Hills, is formed by shales, greywackes and grits of Ordovician and See also:

• SILURIAN

Silurian See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age; a narrow See also:

• BELT (a word common to Teutonic languages, the Old Ger. form being bale, from which the Lat. balteus probably derived)
• BELT, THOMAS (1832-1878)

belt of the former lying on the north-western See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the latter, the strike being S.W. to N.E .

The granitic See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass of Priestlaw and other felsitic rocks have been intruded into these strata . The See also:

• LOWER

lower Old Red See also:

• SANDSTONE

Sandstone has not been observed in this county, but the younger sandstones and conglomerates fill up See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient depressions in the Silurian and Ordovician, such as that See also:

• RUNNING

running northward from Oldhamstocks towards Dunbar and the valley of See also:

• LAUDERDALE, JOHN MAITLAND, DUKE OF (1616–1682)

Lauderdale . A faulted-in tract of the same formation, about 1 m. in breadth, runs westward from Dunbar to near See also:

• GIFFORD, ROBERT SWAIN (184o—19o5)
• GIFFORD, SANDFORD ROBINSON (1823–188o)
• GIFFORD, WILLIAM (1756-1826)

Gifford . Carboniferous rocks See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder of the county . The Calciferous Sandstone See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series, shales,'thin limestones and sandstones, is exposed on the south-eastern coast; but between Gifford and North Berwick and from Aberlady to Dunbar it is represented by a See also:

• GREAT

great thickness of volcanic rocks consisting of tuffs and coarse breccias in the lower beds, and of porphyritic and andesitic lavas above . These rocks are well exposed on the coast, in the Garleton Hills and Traprain Law; the latter and North Berwick Law are volcanic and North Berwick . The shire is under school-See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction, and besides high See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools at See also:

• HADDINGTON
• HADDINGTON, EARL OF

Haddington and North Berwick, some of the elementary schools See also:

• EARN

earn grants for higher See also:

• EDUCATION

education . The county See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council spends a proportion of the " See also:

• RESIDUE (through the French, from the Lat. residuum, a remainder, from residere, to remain)

residue " See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant in supporting See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short courses of instruction in technical subjects (chiefly See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

agriculture), in experiments in the feeding of See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle and the growing of crops, and in defraying the travelling expenses of technical students . See also:

• HISTORY

History.—Of the Celts, who were probably the earliest in-habitants, traces are found in a few See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place names and circular camps (in the parishes of Garvald and Whittinghame) and hill forts (in the parish of See also:

• BOLTON (BOLTON-LE-MOORS)
• BOLTON (or BOULTON), EDMUND (1S75?-1633?)
• BOLTON, DUKES OF

Bolton) . After the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman occupation, of which few traces remain, the See also:

• DISTRICT

district formed See also:

• PART

part of the Saxon See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• NORTHUMBRIA (regnum Northanhymbrorum)

Northumbria until ror8, when it was joined to Scotland by See also:

• MALCOLM
• MALCOLM, SIR JOHN (1769-1833)

Malcolm II . It was comparatively prosperous till the See also:

• WARS

wars of See also:

• BRUCE
• BRUCE, ALEXANDER BALMAIN (1831-1899)
• BRUCE, JAMES (1930-1794)
• BRUCE, MICHAEL (1746-1767)

Bruce and See also:

• BALIOL
• BALIOL, JOHN DE (1249–1315)

Baliol, but from that See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period down to the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union of the kingdoms it suffered from its nearness to the Border and from See also:

• CIVIL

civil strife . The last battles fought in the county were those of Dunbar (1650) and See also:

• PRESTONPANS

Prestonpans (1745) .

See J . See also:

• MILLER, HUGH (1802–1856)
• MILLER, JOAQUIN (CINCINNATUS HEINE) (1841- )
• MILLER, JOE (JosEPH or JosIAS( (1684-1738)
• MILLER, SAMUEL FREEMAN (1816-1890)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1782-1849)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1795-1861)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1796–1882)
• MILLER, WILLIAM HALLOWES (18o1–188o)

Miller, History of Haddington (1844); D . Croal, Sketches of East Lothian (Haddington, 1873); See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Martine, Reminiscences of the County of Haddington (Haddington, 1890, 1894); Dr See also:

• WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL (1823— )
• WALLACE, LEWIS [LEW] (1827—1905)
• WALLACE, SIR RICHARD
• WALLACE, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1270-1305)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1768-1843)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1844-1897)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM VINCENT (1814-1865)

Wallace See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James, Writs and Charters of Haddington (Haddington, 1898) .