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See also:HALLEL (Heb. 5;7 a Mishnic derivative from 5? See also:hillel, " to praise ") , •a See also:term in synagogal See also:liturgy for (a) See also:Psalms cxiii.-cxviii., often called " the See also:Egyptian See also:Hallel " because of its recitation during the See also:paschal See also:meal on the See also:night of the See also:Passover, (b) See also:Psalm cxxxvi . " the See also:Great Hallel." C . A . See also:Briggs 1 points out that the term " Hallelujah " (Praise ye Yah) is found at the See also:close of Pss. civ., cv., cxv., cxvi., cxvii., at the beginning of Pss. cxi., cxii. and at both ends of Pss. cvi., cxxxv., cxlvi. to cl . The See also:Septuagint also gives it at the beginning of Pss. cv., cvii., cxiv., cxvi. to cxix.. cxxxvi . There are thus four See also:groups of Hallel psalms:—civ.-cvii . (a tetralogy on creation, the patriarchal See also:age, the See also:Exodus, and the Restoration); cxi.-cxvii. which includes most of the "Egyptian Hallel "; cxxxv.-cxxxvi.; cxlvi.-cl . All of these Hallels (except cxlvii. and cxlix. which are Maccabean) belong to the See also:Greek See also:period, forming a collection of sixteen psalms composed for public use by the choirs, especially at the great feasts . Their See also:distribution into four groups was the See also:work of the final editor of the psalter . Later liturgical use regarded Pss. cxviii. and even cxix. as Hallels, as well as Pss. cxx. to cxxxiv . It will be observed that the extent of the See also:official Hallel varied from See also:time to time . It would appear that in the time of See also:Gamaliel 1 See also:International See also:Critical Commentary, " Psalms," Intro. lxxviii . (Pesahim x . 5) the See also:custom of its recitation at the paschal meal was still of See also:recent innovation . While the school of See also:Shammai advised only Ps. exiii., the school of See also:Hillel favoured Pss. cxiii. and cxiv.2 The further See also:extension so as to include Pss. cxv. to cxviii. probably See also:dates from the first See also:half of the 2nd See also:century A.D., and these four psalms were recited after the pouring out of the See also:fourth See also:cup, the two earlier ones being taken at the beginning of the meal . From the 3rd century the use of the Hallel was extended to other occasions, and was gradually incorporated into the liturgy of eighteen festal days . The " Great Hallel " (Ps. cxxxvi. and its later extension to cxx.-cxxxvi.) always served the wider purpose of a more See also:general thanksgiving . According to See also:Rabbi Johanan it derived its name from the allusion in v . 25 to the See also:Holy One who sits in See also:heaven and thence distributes See also:food to all his creatures . |
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