ALBRECHT VON See also:

• ALBRECHT VON HALLER (1708–1777)
• HALLER, BERTHOLD (1492–1536)

HALLER (1708–1777)  , Swiss anatomist and physiologist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of an old Swiss See also:

• FAMILY

family at See also:

• BERN (Fr. Berne)

Bern, on the 16th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1708 . Prevented by See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long-continued See also:

• ILL

ill-See also:

• HEALTH

health from taking See also:

• PART

part in boyish See also:

• SPORTS
• SPORTS, THE BOOK OF

sports, he had the more opportunity for the development of his precocious mind . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of four, it is said, he used to read and expound the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible to his See also:

• FATHER

father's servants; before he was ten he had sketched a See also:

• CHALDEE

Chaldee See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar, prepared a See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek and a See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew vocabulary, compiled a collection of two thousand See also:

• BIOGRAPHIES

biographies of famous men and See also:

• WOMEN

women on the See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• BAYLE, PIERRE (1647-1706)

Bayle and Moreri, and written in Latin See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse a See also:

• SATIRE (Lat. satira, satura; see below)

satire on his See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor, who had warned him against a too great excursiveness . When still hardly fifteen he was already the author of numerous metrical See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations from See also:

• OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid, See also:

• HORACE [QuINTus HORATIUS FLACCUS] (65-8 B.C.)

Horace and See also:

• VIRGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARC)
• VIRGIL, POLYDORE (c. 1470-1555)

Virgil, as well as of See also:

• ORIGINAL

original lyrics, dramas, and an epic of four thousand lines on the origin of the Swiss confederations, writings which he is said on one occasion to have rescued from a See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire at the See also:

• RISK

risk of his See also:

• LIFE

life, only, however, to See also:

• BURN, RICHARD (1709-1785)

burn them a little later (1729) with his own See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand . See also:

• HALLER, ALBRECHT VON (1708–1777)
• HALLER, BERTHOLD (1492–1536)

Haller's See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention had been directed to the profession of See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine while he was residing in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of a physician at See also:

• BIEL, GABRIEL (c. 1425—1495)

Biel after his father's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1721; and, following the choice then made, he while still a sickly and excessively shy youth went in his sixteenth See also:

• YEAR

year to the university of See also:

• TUBINGEN

Tubingen (See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1723), where he studied under See also:

• CAMERARIUS, JOACHIM (1500-1574)
• CAMERARIUS, JOACHIM (1534-1598)
• CAMERARIUS, RUDOLF JAKOB (1665–1721)

Camerarius and Duvernoy . Dissatisfied with his progress, he in 1725 exchanged Tubingen for See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden, where See also:

• BOERHAAVE, HERMANN (1668–1738)

Boerhaave was in the See also:

• ZENITH (from the Arabic)

zenith of his fame, and where See also:

• ALBINUS (originally WEISS), BERNHARD SIEGFRIED (1697—1770)

Albinus had already begun to lecture in See also:

• ANATOMY
• ANATOMY (Gr. avaroyil, from ava-silo c', to cut up)

anatomy . At that university he graduated in May 1727, undertaking successfully in his thesis to prove that the so-called salivary duct, claimed as a See also:

• RECENT

recent See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery by Coschwitz, was nothing more than a See also:

• BLOOD

blood-See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel . Haller then visited See also:

• LONDON

London, making the acquaintance of See also:

• SIR

Sir Hans See also:

• SLOANE, SIR HANS (1660-1753)

Sloane, See also:

• CHESELDEN, WILLIAM (1688-1752)

Cheselden, See also:

• PRINGLE, SIR JOHN (1707–1782)

Pringle, See also:

• DOUGLAS
• DOUGLAS, GAVIN (1474?-1522)
• DOUGLAS, JOHN (1721—1807.)
• DOUGLAS, SIR CHARLES
• DOUGLAS, SIR HOWARD
• DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD (18,3–1861)

Douglas and other scientific men; next, after a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short stay in See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, he visited See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, where he studied under Ledran and See also:

• WINSLOW, EDWARD (1595-1655)

Winslow; and in 1728 he proceeded to See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel, where he devoted himself to the study of the higher See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics under See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• BERNOULLI

Bernoulli . It was during his stay there also that his first great See also:

• INTEREST

interest in See also:

• BOTANY (from Gr. l3or6v17, plant; ,66vicety, to graze)

botany was awakened; and, in the course of a tour (See also:

• JULY

July–See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August, 1828), through See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy, See also:

• BADEN
• BADEN, GRAND DUCHY OF

Baden and several of the Swiss cantons, he began a collection of See also:

• PLANTS

plants which was afterwards the basis of his great See also:

• WORK

work on the See also:

• FLORA

flora of See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland . From a See also:

• LITERARY

literary point of view the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main result of this, the first of his many journeys through the See also:

• ALPS

Alps, was his peom entitled See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Alpen, which was finished in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1729, and appeared in the first edition (1732) of his Gedichte . This poem of 490 hexameters is historically important as one of the earliest signs of the awakening appreciation of the mountains (hitherto generally regarded as horrible monstrosities), though it is chiefly designed to contrast the See also:

• SIMPLE

simple and idyllic life of the inhabitants of the Alps with the corrupt and decadent existence of the dwellers in the plains . In 1729 he returned to Bern and began to practise as a physician; his best energies, however, were devoted to the botanical and anatomical researches which rapidly gave him a See also:

• EUROPEAN

European reputation, and procured for him from See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George II .

2 The reference to a hymn at the institution of the See also:

• EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist (Matt. See also:

• XXVI

xxvi . 3o, See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

Mark xiv . 26) must be interpreted in the See also:

• LIGHT

light of this inceptive See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage of the See also:

• HALLEL (Heb. 5;7 a Mishnic derivative from 5? hillel, " to praise ")

Hallel . in 1736 a See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call to the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of medicine, anatomy, botany and eloquence making him a great force . In 1526 he was at the abortive See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference of Baden, and in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1528 drafted and defended the ten theses for the conference of Bern which established the new See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion in that See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . He See also:

• LEFT

left no writings except a few letters which are preserved in See also:

• ZWINGLI, HULDREICH (1484—1531)

Zwingli's works . He died on the 25th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1536 . Life by See also:

• PESTALOZZI, JOHANN HEINRICH

Pestalozzi (See also:

• ELBERFELD

Elberfeld, 1861) .