JAMES

See also:

• HALL
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• JAMES HALL (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

HALL (1811–1898)  , American geologist and palaeontologist, was born at Hingham, Massachusetts, on the 12th of September 1811 . In early life he became attached to the study of natural history, and he completed his education at the poly-technic institute at Troy in New York, where he graduated in 1832, and afterwards became professor of chemistry and natural science, and subsequently of geology . In 1836 he was appointed one of the geologists on the Geological Survey of the state of New York, and he was before long charged with the palaeontological work . Eventually he became state geologist and director of the museum of natural history at Albany . His published papers date from 1836, and include numerous reports on the geology and palaeontology of various portions of the United States and Canada . He dealt likewise with physical geology, and in 1859 discussed the connexion between the accumulation of sedimentary deposits and the elevation of mountain-chains . His chief work was the description of the invertebrate fossils of New York—in which he dealt with the graptolites, brachiopods, mollusca, trilobites, echini and crinoids of the Palaeozoic formations . The results were published in a series of quarto volumes entitled Palaeontology of New York (1847–1894), in which he was assisted in course of time by R . P . Whitfield and J . M . Clarke .

He published also reports on the geology of

Oregon and California (1845), Utah (1852), Iowa (1859) and Wisconsin (1862) . He received the Wollaston medal from the Geological Society of London in 1858 . He was a man of great energy and untiring industry, and in 1897, when in his eighty-sixth year, he journeyed to St Petersburg to take part in the International Geological Congress, and then joined the excursion to the Ural mountains . He died at Albany on the 7th of August 1898 . See Life and Work of James Hall, by H . C . Hovey, Amer . Geol. xxiii., 1899, p . 137 (portraits) .