Online Encyclopedia

SIR HENRY HAVELOCK (1795-18J7)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 80 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:
SIR HENRY HAVELOCK (1795-18J7)  ,
See also:
British soldier, one of the heroes of the
See also:
Indian Mutiny, the second of four brothers (all of whom entered the army), was born at Ford Hall, Bishop-Wearmouth, Sunderland, on the 5th of
See also:
April 1795 . His parents were William Havelock, a wealthy shipbuilder in Sunderland, and Jane, (
See also:
laughter of John Carter,
See also:
solicitor at Stockton-on-
See also:
Tees . When about five years old Henry accompanied his elder
See also:
brother William to Mr Bradley's school at Swanscombe, whence at the age of ten he removed for seven years to
See also:
Charterhouse school . In accordance with the
See also:
desire of his
See also:
mother, who had died in 1811, he entered the
See also:
Middle Temple in 1813, studying under Chitty the eminent
See also:
special pleader . His legal studies having been abridged by a misunderstanding with his
See also:
father, he in 1815 accepted a second lieutenancy in the
See also:
Rifle Brigade (95th), procured for him by the
See also:
interest of his brother William . During the following eight years of service in Britain he read extensively and acquired a good acquaintance with the theory of war . In 1823, having exchanged into the 21st and thence into the 13th
See also:
Light
See also:
Infantry, he followed his brothers William and Charles to India, first qualifying himself in Hindustani under Dr Gilchrist, a celebrated Orientalist . At the close of twenty-three years' service he was still a
See also:
lieutenant, and it was not until 1838 that, after three years' adjutancy of his regiment, he became captain . Before this, however, he had held several staff appointments, notably that of deputy assistant-adjutant-general of the forces in
See also:
Burma till the peace of Yandabu, of which he, with Lumsden and Knox, procured the ratifications at
See also:
Ava from the ;'
See also:
Golden
See also:
Foot,"who bestowed on him the " gold leaf " insignia of Burmese
See also:
nobility . His first command had been at a stockade capture in the war, and he was
See also:
present also at the battles of Napadee, Patanago and Pagan . He had also held during his lieutenancy various interpreterships and the adjutancy of the king's troops at
See also:
Chinsura . In 1828 he published at Serampore
See also:
Campaigns in Ava, and in 1829 he married Hannah Shepherd, daughter of Dr Marshman, the eminent missionary .

About the same

time he became a Baptist, being baptized by Mr John Mack at Serampore . During the first Afghan war he was present as aide-de-camp to
See also:
Sir
See also:
Willoughby Cotton at the capture of
See also:
Ghazni, on the 23rd of
See also:
July 1839, and at the occupation of
See also:
Kabul . After a short absence in Bengal to secure the publication of his
See also:
Memoirs of the Afghan
See also:
Campaign, he returned to Kabul in charge of recruits, and became interpreter to General Elphinstone . In 184o, being attached to Sir Robert Sale's force, he took
See also:
part in the Khurd-Kabul fight, in the celebrated passage of the defiles of the Ghilzais (1841) and in the fighting from Tezeen to Jalalabad . Here, after many months' siege, his column in a sortie en masse defeated
See also:
Akbar Khan on the 7th of April 1842 . He was now made deputy adjutant-general of the infantry division in Kabul, and in September he assisted at Jagdalak, at Tezeen, and at the release of the British prisoners at Kabul, besides taking a prominent part at Istaliff . Having obtained a regimental majority he next went through the Mahratta campaign as Persian interpreter to Sir
See also:
Hugh (Viscount) Gough, and distinguished himself at Maharajpore in 1843, and also in the
See also:
Sikh campaign at Moodkee,
See also:
Ferozeshah and
See also:
Sobraon in 1845 . For these services he was made deputy adjutant-general at Bombay . He exchanged from the 13th to the 39th, then as second major into the S3rd at the beginning of 1849, and soon afterwards
See also:
left for England, where he spent two years . In 1854 he became quartermaster-general, then full colonel, and lastly ajdutant-general of the troops in India . In 1857 he was selected by Sir James Outram for the command of a division in the Persian campaign, during which he was present at the actions of Muhamra and Ahwaz . Peace with
See also:
Persia set him
See also:
free just as the Mutiny broke out; and he was chosen to command a column " to quell disturbances in
See also:
Allahabad, to support Lawrence at
See also:
Lucknow and Wheeler at Cawnpore, to disperse and utterly destroy all mutineers and insurgents." At this time Lady Canning wrote of him in her
See also:
diary: " General Havelock is not in fashion, but all the same we believe that he will do well .

No doubt he is fussy and tiresome, but his little old stiff figure looks as active and

See also:
fit for use as if he were made of steel." But in spite of this lukewarm commendation Havelock proved himself the man for the occasion, and won the reputation of a
See also:
great military leader . At Fatehpur, on the 12th of July, at Acing and Pandoobridge on the 15th, at Cawnpore on the 16th, at
See also:
Unao on the 29th, at Busherutgunge on the 29th and again on the 5th of August, at Boorhya on the 12th of August, and at
See also:
Bithur on the 16th, he defeated overwhelming forces . Twice he advanced for the
See also:
relief of Lucknow, but twice prudence forbade a reckless exposure of troops wasted by
See also:
battle and disease in the almost impracticable task . Reinforcements arriving at last under Outram, he was enabled by the generosity of his
See also:
superior officer to
See also:
crown his successes on the 25th of September 1857 by the capture of Lucknow . There he died on the 24th of November 1857, of dysentery, brought on by the anxieties and fatigues connected with his victorious march and with the subsequent blockade of the British troops . He lived long enough to receive the intelligence that he had been created K.C.B. for the first three battles of the campaign; but of the major-generalship which was shortly afterwards conferred he never knew . On the 26th of November, before tidings of his
See also:
death had reached England, letters-patent were directed to create him a
See also:
baronet and a pension of £1000 a
See also:
year was voted at the assembling of parliament . The baronetcy was afterwards bestowed upon his eldest son; while to his widow, by royal order, was given the rank to which she would have been entitled had her
See also:
husband survived and been created a baronet . To both widow and son
See also:
pensions of boon were awarded by parliament . See Marshman,
See also:
Life of Havelock (186o) ; L . J . Trotter, The Bayard of India (1903); F .

M .

Holmes, Four Heroes of India; G . B . Smith, Heroes of the Nineteenth Century (19o1); and A . Forbes, Havelock ("
See also:
English Men of
See also:
Action " series, 189o) .

End of Article: SIR HENRY HAVELOCK (1795-18J7)
[back]
HAVELBERG
[next]
HAVELOK THE DANE

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click and select "copy." Paste it into a website, email, or other HTML document.