See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• SIR JOHN HAWKWOOD (d. 1394)

HAWKWOOD (d. 1394)  , an See also:

• ENGLISH

English adventurer who attained See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WEALTH

wealth and renown as a See also:

• CONDOTTIERE (plural, condottieri)

condottiere in the See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian See also:

• WARS

wars of the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . His name is variously spelt as Haccoude, Aucud, Aguto, &c., by contemporaries . It is said that he was the son of a See also:

• TANNER, HENRY OSSAWA (1859- )
• TANNER, THOMAS (1674-1735)

tanner of Hedingham Sibil in See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex, and was apprenticed in See also:

• LONDON

London, whence he went, in the English See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France under See also:

• EDWARD

Edward III. and the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince . It is said also that he obtained the favour of the Black Prince, and received See also:

• KNIGHTHOOD

knighthood from See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King Edward III., but though it is certain that he was of knightly See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank, there is no See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence as tothe See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time or See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place at which he won it . On the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of Bretigny in 136o, he collected a See also:

• BAND

band of men-at-arms, and moved See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• WARD
• WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
• WARD, ARTEMUS
• WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
• WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
• WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
• WARD, JAMES (1843– )
• WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
• WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
• WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
• WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
• WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)

ward to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, where we find the See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White See also:

• COMPANY

Company, as his men were called, assisting the See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis of Monferrato against See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan in 1362–63, and the Pisans against See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence in 1364 . After several See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns in various parts of central Italy, See also:

• HAWKWOOD, SIR JOHN (d. 1394)

Hawkwood in 1368 entered the service of Bernabo See also:

• VISCONTI

Visconti . In 1369 he fought for See also:

• PERUGIA (anc. Perusia)

Perugia against the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope, and in 1370 for the Visconti against See also:

• PISA
• PISA, COUNCIL OF (1409)

Pisa, Florence and other enemies . In 1372 he defeated the marquis of Monferrato, but soon afterwards, resenting the interference of a See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war with his plans, Hawkwood resigned his command, and the White Company passed into the papal service, in which he fought against the Visconti in 1373-1375 . In 1375 the Florentines entered into an agreement with him, by which they were to pay him and his See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion 130,000 See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold florins in three months on See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition that he undertook no engagement against them; and in the same See also:

• YEAR

year the priors of the arts and the gonfalonier decided to give him a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension of 1200 florins per annum for as See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long as he should remain in Italy . In 1377, under the orders of the See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert of See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva, See also:

• LEGATE (Lat. legatus, past part. of legare, to send as deputy)
• LEGATE, BARTHOLOMEW (c. 1575-1612)

legate of See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, he massacred the inhabitants of See also:

• CESENA (anc. Caesena)

Cesena, but in May of the same year, disliking the executioner's See also:

• WORK

work put upon him by the legate, he joined the See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-papal See also:

• LEAGUE

league, and married, at Milan, Donnina, an illegitimate daughter of Bernabo Visconti . In 1378 and 1379 Hawkwood was constantly in the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field; he quarrelled with Bernabo in 1378, and entered the service of Florence, receiving, as in 1375, 130,000 gold florins . He rendered See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good service to the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic up to 1382, when for a time he was one of the English ambassadors at the papal See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court .

He engaged in a brief See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign in See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples in 1383, fought for the marquis of See also:

• PADUA (Lat. Patavium ; Ital. Padova)

Padua against See also:

• VERONA
• VERONA, CONGRESS OF

Verona in 1386, and in 1388 made an unsuccessful effort against Gian Galeazzo Visconti, who had murdered Bernabo . In 1390 the Florentines took up the war against Gian Galeazzo in See also:

• EARNEST (probably a corruption of the obsolete arles or erles, adapted from Lat. equivalent arrha, due to a confusion with the adjective " earnest," serious, O. Eng. eornust, cognate with Ger. ernst)

earnest, and appointed Hawkwood See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief . His campaign against the Milanese army in the Veronese and the See also:

• BERGAMASK

Bergamask was reckoned a See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

triumph of generalship, and in 1392 Florence exacted a satisfactory peace from Gian Galeazzo . His latter years were spent in a See also:

• VILLA

villa in the neighbourhood of Florence . On his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1394 the republic gave him a public funeral of great magnificence, and decreed the erection of a See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument in the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral . This, however, was never executed; but See also:

• PAOLO (GIROLAMO GASPARE)5 (1532-1600)

Paolo Uccelli painted his portrait in terre-verte on the inner See also:

• FACADE

facade of the See also:

• BUILDING

building, where it still remains, though damaged by removal from the See also:

• PLASTER

plaster to See also:

• CANVAS

canvas . See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard II. of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, probably at the instigation of Hawkwood's sons, who returned to their native See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, requested the Florentines to let him remove the good See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight's bones, and the Florentine See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government signified its consent . Of his See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children by Donnina Visconti, who appears to have been his second wife, the eldest daughter married See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Brezaglia of Porciglia, See also:

• PODESTA (Lat. potestas, power)

podesta of See also:

• FERRARA

Ferrara, who succeeded him as Florentine commander-in-chief, and another a See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German condottiere named See also:

• CONRAD (d. 955)
• CONRAD, JOSEPH (1856– )
• CONRAD, or KONRAD (M. H. Ger. Kuonrdl, i.e. " keen in counsel," Lat. Conradus, It. Corrado, cf. the A.S. Ccenred)

Conrad Prospergh . His son, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John, returned to England and settled at Hedingham Sibil, where, it is supposed, See also:

• SIR

Sir John Hawkwood was buried . The children of the first See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage were two sons and three daughters, and of the latter the youngest married John See also:

• SHELLEY, MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (1797-1851)
• SHELLEY, PERCY BYSSHE (1792-1822)

Shelley, an ancestor of the poet . Au''rnoRITIES.—See also:

• MURATORI

Muratori,Rerusnitalicarumscriptores,and supplement by Tartinius and Manni; See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

Arch.ivio storico italiano; See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Temple-See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

Leader and 1Vlarcotti, Giovanni Acnto (Florence, 1889; Eng. transl., Leader See also:

• SCOTT, ALEXANDER (fl. 1550)
• SCOTT, DAVID (18o6-1849)
• SCOTT, MICHAEL (1789-1835)
• SCOTT, ROBERT (1811-1887)
• SCOTT, SIR GEORGE GILBERT (1811-1878)
• SCOTT, SIR WALTER, BART
• SCOTT, WILLIAM BELL (1811-1890)
• SCOTT, WINFIELD (1786-1866)

Scott, London, 1889) ; See also:

• NICHOL, JOHN (1833-1894)

Nichol, Bibliotheca topographiea Britannica, vol. vi.; J . G .

See also:

• ALGER, RUSSELL ALEXANDER (1836-1907)

Alger in See also:

• REGISTER

Register and See also:

• MAGAZINE

Magazine of See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography, v . 1.; and See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in Dict . Nat . Biog .