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HEINRICH HEINE (1797-1856)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 213 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HEINRICH See also:

HEINE (1797-1856)  , See also:German poet and journalist, was See also:born at See also:Dusseldorf, of Jewish parents, on the 13th of See also:December 1797 . His See also:father, after various vicissitudes in business, had finally settled in Dusseldorf, and his See also:mother, who possessed much See also:energy of See also:character, was the daughter of a physician of the same See also:place . Heinrich (or, more exactly, Harry) was the eldest of four See also:children, and received his See also:education, first in private See also:schools, then in the See also:Lyceum of his native See also:town; although not an especially See also:apt or diligent See also:pupil, he acquired a knowledge of See also:French and See also:English, as well as some See also:tincture of the See also:classics and See also:Hebrew . His See also:early years coincided with the most brilliant See also:period of See also:Napoleon's career, and the boundless veneuation which he is never tired of expressing for the See also:emperor throughout his writings shows that his true schoolmasters were rather the drummers and troopers of a victorious See also:army than the masters of the Lyceum . By freeing the See also:Jews from many of the See also:political disabilities under which they had hitherto suffered, Napoleon became, it may be noted, the See also:object of particular See also:enthusiasm in the circles amidst which See also:Heine See also:grew up . When he See also:left school in 1815, an See also:attempt was made to engage him in business in See also:Frankfort, but without success . In the following See also:year his See also:uncle, See also:Solomon Heine, a wealthy banker in See also:Hamburg, took him into his See also:office . A See also:passion for his See also:cousin Amalie Heine seems to have made the See also:young See also:man more contented with his See also:lot in Hamburg, and his success was such that his uncle decided to set him up in business for himself . This, however, proved too bold a step; in a very few months the See also:firm of " Harry Heine & Co." was insolvent . His uncle now generously provided him with See also:money to enable him to study at a university, with the view to entering the legal profession, and in the See also:spring of 1819 Heine became a student of the university of See also:Bonn . During his stay there he devoted himself rather to the study of literature and See also:history than to that of See also:law; amongst his teachers A . W. von See also:Schlegel, who took a kindly See also:interest in Heine's poetic essays, exerted the most lasting See also:influence on him .

In the autumn of 182o Heine left Bonn for See also:

Gottingen, where he proposed to devote himself more assiduously to professional studies, but in See also:February of the following year he challenged to a See also:pistol See also:duel a See also:fellow-student who had insulted him, and was, in consequence, rusticated for six months . The pedantic* See also:atmosphere of the university of Gottingen was, however, little to his See also:taste; the See also:news of his cousin's See also:marriage unsettled him still more; and he was glad of the opportunity to seek See also:distraction in See also:Berlin . In the Prussian See also:capital a new See also:world opened up to him; a very different See also:life from that of Gottingen was stirring in the new university there, and Heine, like all his contemporaries, sat at the feet of See also:Hegel and imbibed from him, doubtless, those views which in later years made the poet the apostle of an outlook upon life more See also:modern than that of his romantic predecessors . of See also:Bamberg in 1132, and continued to exist till 1555• Its sepulchral monuments, many of which are figured by Hocker, Heilsbronnisclzer Antiquitatenschatz (See also:Ansbach, 1731-1740), are of exceptionally high See also:artistic interest . It was the hereditary See also:burial-place of the See also:Hohenzollern See also:family and ten burgraves of See also:Nuremberg, five margraves and three See also:electors of See also:Brandenburg, and many other persons of See also:note are buried within its walls . The buildings of the monastery have mostly disappeared, with the exception of the See also:fine See also:church, a Romanesque See also:basilica, restored between 1851 and 1866, and possessing paintings by See also:Albert Darer . The " See also:Monk of See also:Heilsbronn " is the See also:ordinary appellation of a didactic poet of the 14th See also:century, whose Sieben Graden, Tackler Syon and Leben See also:des heiligen Alexius were published by J . F . L . T . Merzdorf at Berlin in 187o . See Rehrn, Ein Gang durch and um See also:die See also:Munster-Kirche zu Kloster-Heilsbronn (Ansbach, 1875); Stillfried, Kloster-Heilsbronn, ein Beitrag zu den Hohenzollernschen Forschungen (Berlin, 1877); Muck, Geschiclzte von Kloster-Heilsbronn (See also:Nordlingen, 1879—188o) ; J .

See also:

Meyer, Die Hohenzollerndenkmale in Heilsbronn (Ansbach, 1891); and A . See also:Wagner, Uber den Monch von Heilsbronn (See also:Strassburg, 1876) .

End of Article: HEINRICH HEINE (1797-1856)
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