HENNA  , the See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian name for a small See also:

• SHRUB

shrub found in See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, See also:

• PERSIA

Persia, the See also:

• LEVANT

Levant and along the See also:

• AFRICAN

African coasts of the Mediterranean, where it is frequently cultivated . It is the Lawsonia See also:

• ALBA

alba of botanists, and from the fact that See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young trees are spineless, while older ones have the branchlets hardened into spines, it has also received the names of Lawsonia inermis and L. spinosa . It forms a slender shrubby plant of from 8 to To ft. high, with opposite See also:

• LANCE

lance-shaped smooth leaves, which are entire at the margins, and bears small See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white four-petalled sweet-scented See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers disposed in panicles . Its See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian name is Khenna, its Arabic name Al Khanna, its See also:

• INDIAN

Indian name Mendee, while in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England it is called Egyptian See also:

• PRIVET

privet, and in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies, where it is naturalized, See also:

• JAMAICA

Jamaica See also:

• MIGNONETTE, or MIGNONNETTE (i.e. " little darling ")

mignonette . Henna or Henne is of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient repute as a cosmetic . This consists of the leaves of the Lawsonia powdered and made up into a See also:

• PASTE (O. Fr. paste, modern pate, Late Lat. pasta, whence also in Span., Port. and Ital., from Gr. 1r&vrrl or 1raara, barley porridge, or salted pottage, ir&ao'ety, to sprinkle with salt)

paste; this is employed by the Egyptian See also:

• WOMEN

women, and also by the See also:

• MAHOMMEDAN

Mahommedan women in India, to dye their See also:

• FINGER

finger-nails and other parts of their hands and feet of an See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange-red See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, which is considered to add to their beauty . The colour lasts for three or four See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks, when it requires to be renewed . It is moreover used for See also:

• DYEING (0. Eng. dedgian, dealt ; Mid. Eng. deyen)

dyeing the See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair and See also:

• BEARD (A.S. beard, O. H. and Mod. Ger. Bart, Dan. beard, Icel. bar, rim, edge, beak of a ship, &c., O. Slay. barda, Russ. barodd. Cf. Welsh barf, Lat.. barba, though, according to the New English Dictionary, the connexion is for phonetic reasons doubtful)
• BEARD, WILLIAM HOLBROOK (1825-1900)

beard, and even the See also:

• MANES

manes of horses; and the same material is employed for dyeing skins and See also:

• MOROCCO

morocco-See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather a reddish-yellow, but it contains no See also:

• TANNIN, or TANNIC ACID

tannin . The practice of dyeing the nails was See also:

• COMMON

common amongst the Egyptians, and not to conform to it would have been considered indecent . It has .descended from very remote ages, as is proved by the See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence afforded by Egyptian mummies, the nails of which are most commonly stained of a reddish See also:

• HUE

hue . Henna is also said to have been held in repute amongst the See also:

• HEBREWS, EPISTLE TO THE

Hebrews, being considered to be the plant referred to as camphire in the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible (See also:

• SONG

Song of See also:

• SOLOMON, ODES OF
• SOLOMON, PSALMS OF

Solomon i . 14, iv .

13) . " The See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom of dyeing the nails and palms of the hands and soles of the feet of an See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron-See also:

• RUST (O.E. rust, a word which appears in -many Teutonic languages, cf. Du. roest, Ger. rost); in origin it is allied with " ruddy " and " red," the reddish-brown powdery substance which forms on the surface of iron or steel exposed to atmospheric corrosio

rust colour with henna," observes Dr J . See also:

• FORBES
• FORBES, ALEXANDER PENROSE (1817-1875)
• FORBES, ARCHIBALD (1838-1900)
• FORBES, DAVID (1828--1876)
• FORBES, DUNCAN
• FORBES, EDWARD (1815—1854)
• FORBES, JAMES DAVID (1809—1868)
• FORBES, SIR JOHN (1787—1861)

Forbes See also:

• ROYLE, JOHN FORBES (1799—1858)

Royle, " exists throughout the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East from the Mediterranean to the See also:

• GANGES (GANGA)

Ganges, as well as in See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa . In some parts the practice is not confined to women and See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, but is also followed by men, especially in Persia . In dyeing the beard the hair is turned to red by this application, which is then changed to See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black by a preparation of See also:

• INDIGO (earlier indico, from Lat. indicum, the Indian sub-stance or dye; the Sans. name was niti, from nila, dark blue, and this through Arab. al-nil, annil, gives " aniline ")

indigo . In dyeing the hair of children, and the tails and manes of horses and asses, the See also:

• PROCESS

process is allowed to stop at the red colour which the henna produces." See also:

• MAHOMET (strictly MUHAMMAD, commonly also MOHAMMED)

Mahomet, it is said, used henna as a dye for his beard, and the See also:

• FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion was adopted by the caliphs . " The use of henna," remarks See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

• CALLCOTT, JOHN WALL (1766-1821)
• CALLCOTT, SIR AUGUSTUS WALL(1779-1844)

Callcott in her Scripture Herbal, " is scarcely to be called a caprice in the East . There is a quality in the See also:

• DRUG
• DRUG (from Fr. drogue, a word common in Romance languages, cf. Span. and Ital. droga; the origin of the word is obscure, but may possibly be connected with Dutch droog, dry)

drug which gently restrains See also:

• PERSPIRATION (Lat. per, through, and spirare, to breathe)

perspiration in the hands and feet, and produces an agreeable coolness equally conducive to See also:

• HEALTH

health and comfort." She further suggests that if the Jewish women were not in the See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of using this dye before the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of Solomon, it might probably have been introduced amongst them by his wife, the daughter of See also:

• PHARAOH (Par'oh)

Pharaoh, and traces to this See also:

• PROBABILITY (Lat. probabilis, probable or credible)

probability the allusion to "camphire" in the passages in See also:

• CANTICLES

Canticles above referred to . The preparation of henna consists in reducing the leaves and young twigs to a See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder, See also:

• CATECHU

catechu or See also:

• LUCERNE
• LUCERNE (Ger. Luzern; Ital. Lucerne)
• LUCERNE, LAKE OF
• LUCERNE, PURPLE MEDICK

lucerne leaves in a pulverized See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state being sometimes mixed with them . When required for use, the powder is made into a pasty See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass with hot See also:

• WATER

water, and is then spread upon the See also:

• PART

part to be dyed, where it is generally allowed to remain for one See also:

• NIGHT

night . According to Lady Callcott, the flowers are often used by the Eastern women to adorn their hair . The distilled water from the flowers is used as a perfume .