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HENRY CHARLES KEITH PETTY FITZIIAURICE

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 185 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HENRY CHARLES KEITH PETTY FITZIIAURICE  , 5th marquess oI Lansdowne (b . 1845), was educated at Balliol, Oxford, where he became one of Jowett's favourite pupils . In 1869 he married the daughter of the 1st duke of Abercorn . As a member of the Liberal party he was a lord of the
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treasury (1869–1872), under-secretary of war (1872-1874), and under-secretary of India (r88o); in 1883 he was appointed governor-general of
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Canada, and from 1888 to 1893 he was viceroy of India . He joined the Liberal Unionist party when Mr Gladstone proposed home
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rule for Ireland, and on returning to England became one of its most influential leaders . He was secretary of state for war from 1895 to 1900, and
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foreign secretary from 1900 to 1906, becoming leader of the Unionist party in the House of Lords on Lord Salisbury's
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death . His
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brother EDMOND GEORGE FITZMAURICE, Baron Fitzmaurice (b . 1846), was educated at Trinity, Cambridge, where he took a first class in
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classics . Unlike Lord Lansdowne, he remained a Liberal in politics and followed Mr Gladstone in his home rule policy . As Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice he entered the House of
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Commons in 1868, and was under-secretary for foreign affairs from 1882 to 1885 . He then had no seat in parliament till 1898, when he was elected for the
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Cricklade division of Wilts, and retiring in 1905, he was created Baron Fitzmaurice of Leigh in 1906, and made under-secretary for foreign affairs in
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Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman's
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ministry . In 1908 he became chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster and a member of the Liberal
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cabinet, but resigned his
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post in 1909 .

He devoted much

time to
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literary
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work, and was the author of excellent
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biographies of the 1st marquess, of Sir William Petty (1895), and of Lord Granville (1905), under whom he had served at the foreign office . For the 1st marquess, see Lord Fitzmaurice,
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Life of William,
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Earl of Shelburne (3 vols.,
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London, 1875-1876) .

End of Article: HENRY CHARLES KEITH PETTY FITZIIAURICE
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