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JOHN STEVENS HENSLOW (1796-1861)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 303 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:STEVENS See also:HENSLOW (1796-1861)  , See also:English botanist ' and geologist, was See also:born at See also:Rochester on the 6th of See also:February 1796 . From his See also:father, who was a See also:solicitor in that See also:city, he imbibed a love of natural See also:history which largely influenced his career . He was educated at St See also:John's See also:College, See also:Cambridge, where he graduated as sixteenth wrangler in 1818, the See also:year in which See also:Sedgwick became Woodwardian See also:professor of See also:geology . He accompanied Sedgwick in 1819 during a tour in the Isle of See also:Wight, and there he learned his first lessons in geology . He also studied See also:chemistry under Professor See also:James See also:Cumming and See also:mineralogy under E . D . See also:Clarke . In the autumn of 1819 he made some valuable observations on the geology of the Isle of See also:Man (Trans . Geol . See also:Soc., 1821), and in 1821 he investigated the geology of parts of See also:Anglesey, the results being printed in the first See also:volume of the Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society (1821), the See also:foundation of which society was originated by Sedgwick and See also:Henslow . Meanwhile, Henslow had studied mineralogy with considerable zeal, so that on the See also:death of Clarke he was in 1822 appointed professor of mineralogy in the university at Cambridge . Two years later he took See also:holy orders .

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Botany, how-ever, had claimed much of his See also:attention, and to this See also:science he became more and more attached, so that he gladly resigned the See also:chair of mineralogy in 1825, to succeed to that of botany . As a teacher both in the class-See also:room and in the See also:field he was eminently successful . To him See also:Darwin largely owed his See also:attachment to natural history, and also his introduction to See also:Captain See also:Fitzroy of H.M.S . " Beagle." In 1832 Henslow was appointed See also:vicar of Cholseycum-Moulsford in See also:Berkshire, and in 1837 See also:rector of Hitcham in See also:Suffolk, and at this latter See also:parish he lived and laboured, endeared to all who knew him, until the See also:close of his See also:life . His energies were devoted to the improvement of his parishioners, but his See also:influence was See also:felt far and wide . In 1843 he discovered nodules of coprolitic origin in the Red See also:Crag at See also:Felixstowe in Suffolk, and two years later he called attention to those also in the Cambridge See also:Greensand and remarked that they might be of use in See also:agriculture . Although Henslow derived no benefit, these discoveries led to the See also:establishment of the phosphate See also:industry in Suffolk and See also:Cambridgeshire; and the See also:works proved lucrative until the introduction of See also:foreign See also:phosphates . The museum at See also:Ipswich, which was established in 1847, owed much to Henslow, who was elected See also:president in 185o, and then superintended the arrangement of the collections . He died at Hitcham on the 16th of May 1861 . His publications included A See also:Catalogue of See also:British See also:Plants (1829; ed . 2, 1835); Principles of Descriptive and Physiological Botany (1835); See also:Flora of Suffolk (with E . Skepper) (186o) .

Memoir, by the Rev . Leonard See also:

Jenyns (1862) .

End of Article: JOHN STEVENS HENSLOW (1796-1861)
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