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SIR JOHN HEPBURN (c. 1598-1636)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 304 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR See also:JOHN See also:HEPBURN (c. 1598-1636)  , Scottish soldier in the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War, was a son of See also:George See also:Hepburn of Athelstaneford near See also:Haddington . In 162o and in the following years he served in Bohemia, on the See also:lower See also:Rhine and in the See also:Netherlands, and in 1623 he entered the service of Gustavus See also:Adolphus, who, two years later, appointed him See also:colonel of a Scottish See also:regiment of his See also:army . He took See also:part with his regiment in Gustavus's See also:Polish See also:wars, and in 1631, a few months before the See also:battle of See also:Breitenfeld he was placed in command of the " Scots " or " See also:Green " See also:brigade of the See also:Swedish army . At Breitenfeld it was . Hepburn's brigade which delivered the decisive stroke, and after this he remained with the See also:king, who placed the fullest reliance on his skill and courage, until the battle of the Alte Veste near See also:Nuremberg . He then entered the See also:French service, and raised two thousand men in See also:Scotland for the French army, to which force was added in See also:France the historic Scottish See also:archer bodyguard of the French See also:kings . The existing Royal Scots (See also:Lothian) regiment (See also:late 1st See also:Foot) represents in the See also:British army of to-See also:day Hepburn's French regiment, and indirectly, through the amalgamation referred to, the Scottish contingent of the See also:Hundred Years' War . Hepburn's claim to the right of the See also:line of battle was bitterly resented by the See also:senior French regiments . Shortly after this, in 1633, Hepburn was under a marechal de See also:camp, and he took part in the See also:campaigns in See also:Alsace and See also:Lorraine (1634-36) . In 1635 Bernhard of See also:Saxe-See also:Weimar, on entering the French service, brought with him Hepburn's former Swedish regiment, which was at once amalgamated with the French " regiment d'See also:Hebron," the latter thus attaining the unusual strength of 8300 men . See also:Sir See also:John Hepburn was killed shortly afterwards during the See also:siege of Saverne (See also:Zabern) on the 8th of See also:July 1636 . He was buried in See also:Total See also:cathedral .

With his friend Sir See also:

Robert See also:Monro, Hepburn was the foremost of the Scottish soldiers of See also:fortune who See also:bore so conspicuous a part in the Thirty Years' War . He was a sincere See also:Roman See also:Catholic . It is stated that he See also:left Gustavus owing to a jest about his See also:religion, and at any See also:rate he found in the French service, in which he ended his days, the opportunity of reconciling his beliefs with the See also:desire of military See also:glory which had led him into the Swedish army, and with the patriotic feeling which had first brought him out to the wars to fight for the See also:Stuart princess, See also:Queen See also:Elizabeth of Bohemia . See See also:James See also:Grant, See also:Memoirs of Sir John Hepburn .

End of Article: SIR JOHN HEPBURN (c. 1598-1636)
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