HERD (a word

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• COMMON

common to

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• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic

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• LANGUAGES

languages; the O. Eng.

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• FORM (Lat. forma)

form was heord; cf. Ger. Herde, Swed. and

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• DAN

Dan. hjord; the Sans. ca'rdhas, which shows the pre-Teutonic form, means a

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• TROOP (an adaptation of Fr. troupe, O. Fr. trope; cf. Ital. troppa, troppa; Med. Lat. truppus; the origin is doubtful; suggestions have been made that it represents a German conception of Latin turba, crowd, or is an adaptation of Norw. tarp, flock)

troop)  , a number of animals of one kind driven or fed together, usually applied to cattle as "flock " is to sheep, but used also of whales, porpoises, &c., and of birds, as swans, cranes and curlews . A " herd-book " is a book containing the pedigree and other information of any breed of cattle or pigs, like the " flock-book " for sheep or " stud-book " for horses . Formerly the word " herdwick " was applied to the pasture ground under the care of a shepherd, and it is now used of a special hardy breed of sheep in Cumberland and Westmorland . The word " herd " is also applied in a disparaging sense to a company of people, a mob or rabble, as " the vulgar herd." As the name for a keeper of a herd or flock of domestic animals, the herdsman, it is usually qualified to denote the kind of animal under his HERDER 347 protection, as swine-herd, shepherd, &c., but in Ireland, Scotland and the north of England, " herd " alone is commonly used .