HERTFORD  , a See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market-See also:

• TOWN

town and municipal See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough, and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county town of See also:

• HERTFORDSHIRE [HERrs]

Hertfordshire, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, in the Hertford See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the county, 24 M . N. from See also:

• LONDON

London, the See also:

• TERMINUS

terminus of See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch lines of the See also:

• GREAT

Great Eastern and Great See also:

• NORTHERN

Northern See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways . Pop . (19o1) 9322 . It is pleasantly situated in the valley of the See also:

• RIVER

river See also:

• LEA, HENRY CHARLES (1825–1909)

Lea . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief buildings are the See also:

• MODERN

modern churches of St See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew and of All See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

Saints, on the sites of old ones, a town See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall, See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange, public library, school of See also:

• ART

art and the old See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle, which retains the See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall and See also:

• PART

part of a See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower dating from the See also:

• NORMAN
• NORMAN, SIR HENRY WYLIE (1826-1904)

Norman See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and is represented by a picturesque Jacobean See also:

• BUILDING

building of See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick, largely modernized . There are several educational establishments, including the preparatory school for See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ's See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital, a picturesque building (in great part, however, rebuilt) at the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east end of the town, See also:

• HALE, EDWARD EVERETT (1822-1909)
• HALE, HORATIO (1817–1896)
• HALE, JOHN PARKER (1806–1873)
• HALE, NATHAN (1756-1776)
• HALE, SIR MATTHEW (1609-1676)
• HALE, WILLIAM GARDNER (1849- )

Hale's See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school, the See also:

• COWPER, WILLIAM (1731-1800)
• COWPER, WILLIAM COWPER, 1ST EARL (c. 1665-1723)

Cowper Testimonial school, and a See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

Green-coat school for boys and girls . Two See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles S.E. is Haileybury See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, one of the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal public See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools of England, founded in 18o5 by the East See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India See also:

• COMPANY

Company for their See also:

• CIVIL

civil service students, who were then temporarily housed in Hertford Castle . The school lies high above the Lea valley, towards See also:

• HODDESDON

Hoddesdon, in the midst of a stretch of finely-wooded See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Hertford has a considerable agricultural See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, and there are maltings, breweries, See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron foundries, and See also:

• ORIENTAL

oriental See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

printing See also:

• WORKS

works . The town is governed by a See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor, 5 aldermen and 15 councillors . See also:

• AREA

Area, 1134 acres .

Hertford (Hertofoord, Heorotford, Hurtford) was the See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of a See also:

• SYNOD
• SYNOD (Gr. vbvobos)

synod in 673 . Its communication with London by way of the Lea and the See also:

• THAMES

Thames gave it strategic importance during the Danish occupation of East Anglia . In ro66 and later it was a royal See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison and See also:

• BURGH [BOURKE, BURKE]
• BURGH, HUBERT DE (d. 1243)

burgh . It made See also:

• SEPARATE

separate payments for See also:

• AIDS

aids to the Norman and Angevin See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings; and in 1331 was governed by a See also:

• BAILIFF

bailiff annually elected by the commonalty . A See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter incorporated the bailiffs and burgesses in 1555, and was confirmed under See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth and in 16o6 . A charter of 168o to the mayor, aldermen and commonalty was effective until the Municipal See also:

• CORPORATION (from Lat. corporare, to form into a body, corpus, corporis)

Corporation See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act . Hertford returned two burgesses to the See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament of 1298, and to others until, after 1375/6, such right became abeyant, to be restored by See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of parliament in 1623/4 . One representative was lost by the . See also:

• REPRESENTATION

Representation Act in 1868, and separate representation by the Redistribution Act in 1885 . A See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant of fairs in 1226 probably originated or confirmed those held in 1331 on the feasts of the See also:

• ASSUMPTION, FEAST OF

Assumption and of St See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon and St See also:

• JUDE, THE GENERAL EPISTLE OF

Jude, their vigils and morrows, which fairs were confirmed by Elizabeth and See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II . Another on the See also:

• VIGIL (Lat. vigilia, "watch ")

vigil, morrow and feast of the Nativity of the Virgin was granted by Elizabeth: its date was changed to May-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day under See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James I . Modern fairs are on the third Saturday before See also:

• EASTER

Easter, the 12th of May, the 5th of See also:

• JULY

July and the 8th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November .

Markets were held in 1331 on Wednesday and Saturday; after 1368 on See also:

• THURSDAY

Thursday and Saturday; and they returned to Wednesdays and Saturdays in r680 .