THEODOR VON

HEUGLIN (1824-1876)  , German traveller in north-east Africa, was born on the 20th of March 1824 at Hirschlanden near Leonberg in Wurttemberg . His father was a Protestant pastor, and he was trained to be a mining engineer . He was ambitious, however, to become a scientific investigator of unknown regions, and with that object studied the natural sciences, especially zoology . In 185o he went to Egypt where he learnt Arabic, afterwards visiting Arabia Petraea . In 1852 he accompanied Dr Reitz, Austrian consul at Khartum, on a journey to Abyssinia, and in the next year was appointed Dr Reitz's successor in the consulate . While he held this post he travelled in Abyssinia and Kordofan, making a valuable collection of natural history specimens . In 1857 he journeyed through the coast lands of the African side of the Red Sea, and along the Somali coast . In 186o' he was chosen leader of an expedition to search for Eduard Vogel, his corn- council of that body, in 1649 . According to the majority of panions including Werner Munzinger, Gottlob Kinzelbach, and Dr Hermann Steudner . In June 1861 the party landed at Massawa, having instructions to go direct to Khartum and thence to Wadai, where Vogel was thought to be detained . Heuglin, accompanied by Dr Steudner, turned aside and made a wide detour through Abyssinia and the Galla country, and in con-sequence the leadership of the expedition was taken from him . He and Steudner reached Khartum in 1862 and there joined the party organized by Miss Tinne .

With her or on their own

account, they travelled up the White Nile to Gondokoro and explored a great part of the Bahr-el-Ghazal, where Steudner died of fever on the loth of April 1863 . Heuglin returned to Europe at the end of 1864 . In 1870 and 1871 he made a valuable series of explorations in Spitsbergen and Novaya Zemlya; but 1875 found him again in north-east Africa, in the country of the Beni Amer and northern Abyssinia . He was preparing for an exploration of the island of Sokotra, when he died, at Stuttgart, on the 5th of November 1876 . It is principally by his zoological, and more especially his ornithological, labours that Heuglin has taken rank as an independent authority . His chief works are Systematische Ubersicht der Vogel Nordost-Afrikas (1855).; Reisen in Nordost-Afrika, 1852–1853 (Gotha, 1857); Syst . Ubersicht der Saugetiere Nordost-Afrikas (Vienna, 1867); Reise Hach Abessinien, den Gala-Ldndern, &c., 1861–1862 (Jena, 1868); Reise in das Gebiet des Weissen Nil, &c . 1862—1864 (Leipzig, 1869) ; Reisen neck dem Nordpolarmeer, 1870-1871 (Bruns-wick, 1872–1874) ; Ornithologie von Nordost-Afrika (Cassel, 1869–1875); Reise in Nordost-Afrika (Brunswick, 1877, 2 vols.) . A list of the more important of his numerous contributions to Peter nann's Mitteilungen will be found in that serial for 1877 at the close of the necrological notice .