JOHANN See also:

• JOHANN HEVELIUS [HEVEL or H6WELCKE] (1611—1687)

HEVELIUS [HEVEL or H6WELCKE] (1611—1687)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German astronomer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• DANZIG, or DANTSIC (Polish Gdansk)

Danzig on the 28th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1611 . He studied See also:

• JURISPRUDENCE (Lat. jurisprudenlia, knowledge of law, from jus, right, and prudentia, from providere, to foresee)
• JURISPRUDENCE, COMPARATIVE

jurisprudence at See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden in 1630; travelled in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France; and in 1634 settled in his native See also:

• TOWN

town as a See also:

• BREWER, JOHN SHERREN (1810-1879)

brewer and town councillor . From 1639 his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• INTEREST

interest became centred in See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy, though he took, throughout his See also:

• LIFE

life, a leading See also:

• PART

part in municipal affairs . In 1641 he built an See also:

• OBSERVATORY

observatory in his See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, provided with a splendid instrumental outfit, including ultimately a tubeless See also:

• TELESCOPE

telescope of 150 ft. See also:

• FOCAL

focal length, constructed by himself . It was visited, on the 29th of January 166o, by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John II. and Maria See also:

• GONZAGA
• GONZAGA, THOMAZ ANTONIO (1744-1809)

Gonzaga, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king and See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland . See also:

• HEVELIUS [HEVEL or H6WELCKE], JOHANN (1611—1687)

Hevelius made observations of sunspots, 1642—1645, devoted four years to charting the lunar See also:

• SURFACE

surface, discovered the See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon's See also:

• LIBRATION (Lat. libra, a balance)

libration in See also:

• LONGITUDE (from Lat. longitudo, " length ")

longitude, and published his results in Selenographia (1647), a See also:

• WORK

work which entitles him to be called the founder of lunar See also:

• TOPOGRAPHY
• TOPOGRAPHY (Gr. Toros, place, -partied', to write)

topography . He discovered four comets in the several years 1652, 1661, 1672 and 1677, and suggested the revolution of such bodies in parabolic tracks See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun . On the 26th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1679, his observatory, See also:

• INSTRUMENTS

instruments and books were maliciously destroyed by See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, the See also:

• CATASTROPHE (Gr. Karaurpoch, from KaraQrp4ecv, to over-turn)

catastrophe being described in the See also:

• PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

preface to his Annus climactericus (1685) . He promptly repaired the damage, so far as to enable him to observe the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• COMET (Gr. Koµieiis, long-haired)

comet of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 168o; but his See also:

• HEALTH

health suffered from the See also:

• SHOCK, or COLLAPSE

shock, and he died on the 28th of January 1687, Among his See also:

• WORKS

works were: Prodromus cometicus (1665); Cometographia (1668); Machin coelestis (first part, 1673), containing a description of his instruments; the second part (1679) is extremely rare, nearly the whole issue having perished in the conflagration of 1679 . The observations made by Hevelius on the variable See also:

• STAR

star named by him " Mira " are included in Annus climactericus . His See also:

• CATALOGUE (a Fr. adaptation of the Gr. KaraXoyos, a register, from Karalyety, to enrol or pick out)

catalogue of 1564 stars appeared posthumously in Prodromus aslronomiae (169o) . Its value was much impaired by his preference of the See also:

• ANTIQUE (Lat. antiquus, old)

antique " pinnules " to telescopic See also:

• SIGHTS

sights on quadrants .

This led to an acrimonious controversy with See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• HOOKE, ROBERT (1635–1703)

Hooke . In an See also:

• ATLAS

Atlas of 56 sheets, corresponding to his catalogue, and entitled See also:

• FIRMAMENT

Firmament um Sobiescianum (1690), he delineated seven new constellations, still in use . Hevelius had his See also:

• BOOK

book printed in his own house, at lavish expense, and himself not only designed but engraved many of the plates . See J . H . See also:

• WESTPHAL, RUDOLF (1826—1892)

Westphal, Leben, Studien, and Schriften See also:

• DES

des Astronomen Johann Hevelius (1820); C . B . Lengnich, Anekdoten and Nachrichten (178o); Allgemeine deutsche Biographic (C . Bruhns) ; J . B . J . See also:

• DELAMBRE, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH (1749-1822)

Delambre, Histoire de l'astronomie moderne, ii .

471; J . F . Weidler, Historia astronomiae, p . 486; F . See also:

• BAILY, EDWARD HODGES (1788-1867)
• BAILY, FRANCIS (1774-1844)
• BAILY, WILLIAM HELLIER (1819-1888)

Baily's edition of the Catalogue of Hevelius, See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs See also:

• ROY, WILLIAM (1726-1790)

Roy . Astr . Society, xiii . (1843) ; R . See also:

• WOLF
• WOLF (Canis lupus)
• WOLF, FRIEDRICH AUGUST (1759-1824)
• WOLF, HUGO (1860-1903)
• WOLF, JOSEPH (1820-1899)

Wolf, Geschichte der Astronomic, p . 396; J . C . See also:

• POGGENDORFF, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (1796-1877)

Poggendorff, Biog.-lit .

Handworterbuch . For an See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the epistolary remains of Hevelius, see C . G . See also:

• HECKER, FRIEDRICH FRANZ KARL (1811-1881)
• HECKER, ISAAC THOMAS (1819-1888)

Hecker, Monatl . Correspondenz, viii . 3o; also See also:

• ASIR

Asir . Nachrichten, vols. See also:

• XXIII

xxiii., See also:

• XXIV

xxiv . (A . M .