See also:

• LAY

LAY OF See also:

• LAY OF HILDEBRAND (Deis Hildebrandslied)

HILDEBRAND (Deis Hildebrandslied)  , a unique example of Old See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German alliterative See also:

• POETRY

poetry, written about the See also:

• YEAR

year Boo on the first and last pages of a theological See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript, by two monks of the monastery of See also:

• FULDA

Fulda . The fragment, or rather fragments, only extend to sixty-eight lines, and the conclusion of the poem is wanting . The theory propounded by Karl See also:

• LACHMANN, KARL KONRAD FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1793-1851)

Lachmann, that the poem had been written in its See also:

• PRESENT

present See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form from memory, has been discredited by later philological investigation; it is clearly a transcript of an older See also:

• ORIGINAL

original, which the copyists—or more probably the writer to whom we owe the older version—imperfectly understood . The See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language of the poem shows a curious mixture of See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low and High German forms; as the High German elements point to the See also:

• DIALECT (from Gr. Sia stcror, conversation, manner of speaking, &aXeyec6at, to converse)

dialect of Fulda, the inference is that the copyists were reproducing an originally Low German See also:

• LAY

lay in the form in which it was sung in See also:

• FRANCONIA (Ger. Franken)

Franconia . The fragment is mainly taken up with a See also:

• DIALOGUE

dialogue between See also:

• HILDEBRAND, LAY OF (Deis Hildebrandslied)

Hildebrand and his son Hadubrand . When Hildebrand followed his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master, See also:

• THEODORIC

Theodoric the See also:

• GREAT

Great, who was fleeing eastwards before See also:

• ODOACER, or ODOVACAR (c. 434-493)

Odoacer, he See also:

• LEFT

left his See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young wife and an See also:

• INFANT (in early forms enfaunt, enfant, through the Fr. enfant, from Lat. infans, in, not, and fans, the present participle of fari, to speak)

infant See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child behind him . At his return to his old See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home, after See also:

• THIRTY

thirty years' See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence among the See also:

• HUNS

Huns, he is met by a young See also:

• WARRIOR

warrior and challenged to single combat . Before the fight begins, Hildebrand asks for the name of his opponent, and discovering his own son in him, tries to avert the fight, but in vain; Hadubrand only regards the old See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man's words as the excuse of cowardice . " In See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp showers the ashen spears fall on the See also:

• SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)

shields, and then the warriors seize their swords and hew vigorously at the See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white shields until these are beaten to pieces . . . . " With these words the fragment breaks off abruptly, giving no See also:

• CLUE

clue as to the issue of the combat . There is little doubt, however, that, as in the Old Norse Asmundar See also:

• SAGA (literally a story committed to writing)

saga, where the See also:

• TALE (O.Eng. talu, number, account, story; the word is common to many Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Zahl, number, Erzahlung, narrative, Du. taal, speech, language)

tale is alluded to, the fight must have been fatal to Hadubrand .

But in the later traditions, both of the Old Norse Thidreks saga (13th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century), and the so-called Jungere Hildebrandslied—a German popular lay, preserved in several versions from the 15th to the 17th century—Hadubrand is simply represented as defeated, and obliged to recognize his See also:

• FATHER

father . The Old High German Hildebrandslied is dramatically conceived, and written in a terse, vigorous See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style; it is the only remnant that has come down from See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early Germanic times of an undoubtedly extensive ballad literature, dealing with the See also:

• NATIONAL

national sagas . The MS. of the Hildebrandslied, originally in Fulda, is now pre-served in the Landesbibliothek at See also:

• CASSEL
• CASSEL, or KASSEL

Cassel . The literature on the poem will be found most conveniently in K . Mullenhoff and W . See also:

• SCHERER, EDMOND HENRI ADOLPHE (1815-1889)
• SCHERER, WILHELM (1841-1886)

Scherer, Denkmdler deutscher Poesie and Prosa aus dem VIII. bis XI . Jahrh., 3rd ed . (1892), and in W . See also:

• BEAUNE

Beaune, Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, 5th ed . (1902), to which authorities the reader is referred for a See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text . The poem was discovered and first printed (as See also:

• PROSE

prose) by J . G. von See also:

• ECKHART

Eckhart, See also:

• COMMENTARII (Lat. = Gr. broµvijµara)

Commentarii de See also:

• REBUS (Lat. rebus, " by things ")

rebus See also:

• FRANC

Franc-iae orienlalis (1729), i .

864 ff.; the first scholarly edition was that of the See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers See also:

• GRIMM, FRIEDRICH MELCHIOR, I
• GRIMM, JACOB LUDWIG CARL (1785-1863)
• GRIMM, WILHELM CARL (1786-1859)

Grimm (1812) . Facsimile reproductions of the MS. have been published by W . Grimm (183o), E . Sievers (1872), G . Konnecke in his Bilderatlas (1887; 2nd ed., 1895) and M . Enneccerus (1897) . See also K . Lachmann, Uber das Hildebrandslied (1830 in Kleine Schriften, i . 407 ff.; C . W . M . Grein, Das Hildebrandslied (1858; 2nd ed., 188o) ; O .

See also:

• SCHRODER
• SCHRODER, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG (1744-1816)
• SCHRODER, SOPHIE (1781-1868)

Schroder, Bemerkungen zum Hildebrandslied (188o) ; H .. Moller, Zur althochdeutschen Alliterationspcesie (1888) ; R . Heinzel, Uher See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die osigotische Heldensage (1889) ; B . Busse, " Sagengeschichtliches zum Hildebrandslied," in See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul and Braune's Beitrage, See also:

• XXVI

xxvi . (1901), pp . 1 ff.; R . Koegel, Geschichte der deutschen Literatur bis zum Ausgang See also:

• DES

des Mittelalters, i . (1894), pp . 210 ff.; and R . Koegel and W . See also:

• BRUCKNER, ANTON (1824–1896)

Bruckner, in Paul's Grundriss der germanischen Philologie, 2nd ed., ii . (1901), pp .

71 if . (J . G .