ST See also:

• ST HILDEGARD (1098-1179)

HILDEGARD (1098-1179)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• ABBESS (Lat. abbatissa, fem. form of abbas, abbot)

abbess and mystic, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble parents at Bockelheim, in the countship of Sponheim, in Iog8, and from her eighth See also:

• YEAR

year was educated at the See also:

• BENEDICTINE

Benedictine See also:

• CLOISTER (Lat. claustrum; Fr. cloitre; Ital. chiostro; Span. claustro; Ger. Kloster)

cloister of Disibodenberg by Jutta, See also:

• SISTER

sister of the See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of Sponheim, whom she succeeded as abbess in 1136 . From earliest childhood she was accustomed to see visions, which increased in frequency and vividness as she approached the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of womanhood; these, however, she for many years kept almost See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret, nor was it until she had reached her See also:

• FORTY

forty-third year (1141) that she See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt constrained to divulge them . Committed to See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing by her intimate friend the See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk Godefridus, they now See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the first and most important of her printed See also:

• WORKS

works, entitled Scivias (probably an See also:

• ABBREVIATION (Lat. brevis, short)

abbreviation for " sciens vias " or " nosce vias Domini ") s. visionum et revelatianum libri and completed in 1151 . In 1147 St See also:

• BERNARD, CHARLES DE
• BERNARD, CLAUDE (1813-1878)
• BERNARD, JACQUES (1658--1718)
• BERNARD, MOUNTAGUE (1S2o—1882)
• BERNARD, SAINT
• BERNARD, SAINT (Iogo-1153)
• BERNARD, SIMON (1779—1839)
• BERNARD, SIR THOMAS, BART

Bernard'of See also:

• CLAIRVAUX

Clairvaux, while at See also:

• BINGEN (anc. Vincum or Bingium)

Bingen See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching the new crusade, heard of See also:

• HILDEGARD, ST (1098-1179)

Hildegard's revelations, and became so convinced of their reality that he not only wrote to her a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter cordially acknowledging her as a prophetess of See also:

• GOD

God, but also successfully advocated her recognition as such by his friend and former See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• EUGENIUS

Eugenius III. in the See also:

• SYNOD
• SYNOD (Gr. vbvobos)

synod of Treves (1148) . In the same year Hildegard migrated along with eighteen of her nuns to a new See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent on the Rupertsberg near Bingen, over which she presided during the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder of her See also:

• LIFE

life . By means of voluminous See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence, as well as by extensive journeys, in the course of which she was unwearied in the exercise of her See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of prophecy, she wielded for many years an increasing See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence upon her contemporaries—an influence doubtless due to the fact that she was imbued with the most widely diffused feelings and beliefs, fears and hopes, of her See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . Amongst her correspondents were Popes See also:

• ANASTASIUS

Anastasius IV. and See also:

• ADRIAN
• ADRIAN, SAINT

Adrian IV., the emperors See also:

• CONRAD (d. 955)
• CONRAD, JOSEPH (1856– )
• CONRAD, or KONRAD (M. H. Ger. Kuonrdl, i.e. " keen in counsel," Lat. Conradus, It. Corrado, cf. the A.S. Ccenred)

Conrad III. and See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick I., and also the theologian See also:

• GUIBERT (1053–1124)
• GUIBERT, JACQUES ANTOINE HIPPOLYTE, COMTE DE (1743–1790)
• GUIBERT, or WIBERT (c. 1o30–1100)

Guibert of See also:

• GEMBLOUX

Gembloux, who submitted numerous questions in dogmatic See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology for her determination . She died in 1179, but has never been canonized; her name, however, was received into the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• MARTYROLOGY

martyrology in the 15th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 17th being the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day fixed for her See also:

• COMMEMORATION

commemoration . Her See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography, which was written by two contemporaries, Godefridus and Theodoricus, was first printed at See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne in 1566 . Hildegard's writings, besides the Scivias already mentioned and first printed in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris in 1513, include the See also:

• LIBER

Liber divinorum operum, Explanatio regulae S . Benedicti, Physica and the Letters, &c., are contained in See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne, Patr . Lai, t. excvii., and in See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal Pitra's Analecta sacra spicilegio Solesmensi parata; Nova S .

Hildegardis See also:

• OPERA (Italian for " work ")

opera (Paris, 1882) . For a See also:

• MODERN

modern study of the See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

saint's, writings, see Sainte Hildegarde by See also:

• PAL, KRISTO DAS (1839–1884)

Pal Franche, " See also:

• LES

Les See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

Saints " See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series (Paris, 1903) ; and U . See also:

• CHEVALIER, ALBERT (1861– )
• CHEVALIER, MICHEL (1806-1879)
• CHEVALIER, ULYSSE (1841– )

Chevalier, Repertoire See also:

• DES

des See also:

• SOURCES

sources historiques, bio.-bibl . 2153 .