ADOLF BERNHARD CHRISTOPH

HILGENFELD (1823—1907)  , German Protestant divine, was born at Stappenbeck near Salzwedel in Prussian Saxony on the 2nd of June 1823 . He studied at Berlin and Halle, and in 1890 became professor ordinarius of theology at Jena . He belonged to the Tubingen school . " Fond of emphasizing his independence of Baur, he still, in all important points, followed in the footsteps of his master; his method, which he is wont to contrast as Literarkritik with Baur's Tendenzkritik, is nevertheless essentially the same as Baur's " (Otto Pfleiderer) . On the whole, however, he modified the positions of the founder of the Tubingen school, going beyond him only in his investigations into the Fourth Gospel . In 1858 he became editor of the Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Theologie . He died on the 12th of January 1907 . His works include: Die elementarischen Recognitionen and Homilien (1848) ; Die Evangelien and die Briefe des Johannes nach :hrem Lehrbegriff (1849); Das Markusevangelium (1850); Die Evangelien nach ihrer Entstehung and geschichtlichen Bedeutung (1854); Das L'nchristentum (1835); Jiid . Apokalyptik (1857); Novum Testamentum extra canonem receptum (4 parts, 1866; 2nd ed., 1876—1884); Histor.-kritische Einleitung in das Neue Testament (1875); Acta Apostolorum graece et latine secundum antiquissimos testes (1899); the first complete edition of the Shepherd of Hermas (1887); Ignatii et Polycarpi epistolae (1902) .